Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor| Hazardous Area-Non Contact

Explosion proof ultrasonic level sensor is a non-contact, easy to install and maintain liquid level measurement instrument.

It is used to measure flammable and explosive liquids such as diesel oil and crude oil. Or used to measure the height of liquids in explosion-proof environments. It is widely used in explosion-proof environments such as oil exploration, oil refining, chemical industry, and medicine.

Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor

Featured Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensors

Intrinsically Safe/Explosion Proof

It is often necessary to use explosion-proof instruments in industrial sites. The general industrial explosion-proof instruments are mainly explosion-proof and intrinsically safe. So, how to understand the difference between them?

Flameproof definition:

It can withstand the explosive pressure of internal explosive gas mixture. And can prevent the internal explosion from spreading to the explosive mixture around the enclosure of electrical equipment enclosure (zone I explosion-proof technology).

Dangerous gases are allowed to enter the flameproof enclosure, which may cause an explosion. However, the enclosure must have sufficient strength. And each shell joint surface must have a sufficiently long engagement length and a sufficiently small gap. To ensure that the internal explosion will not pass through the flameproof joint and cause the external environment to explode.

Clearance explosion-proof technology. Rely on the gap and mesh length to achieve the effect of cooling and flameout.

Definition of intrinsic safety:

Any electric spark or any thermal effect generated under the conditions specified in the standard (including normal operation and specified fault conditions) cannot ignite the circuits in the specified explosive gas environment (Zone 0/I explosion-proof technology).

It is a “safe” technology that uses suppression of ignition source energy as an explosion-proof method. It is required that the electric spark or thermal effect that the equipment may produce under normal operation or failure state are respectively less than the minimum ignition energy and self-ignition temperature of the explosive dangerous gas. For example: hydrogen 19uJ 560℃.

Intrinsically safe technology is actually a low-power design technology. Therefore, it can be well applied to industrial automation instruments.

Explosion-proof applicable area: It can only be installed in hazardous locations in Zone 1 or Zone 2.

Intrinsically safe application area:

Exia: Equipment that can maintain explosion-proof performance until two components or other types of failures. Intrinsically safe equipment can be installed in hazardous locations in Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2. Exia intrinsically safe equipment is the only explosion-proof electrical equipment that can be installed in zone 0.

Exib: Equipment that can maintain explosion-proof performance until a component or other type of failure. Intrinsically safe equipment can be installed in hazardous locations in Zone 1 and Zone 2.

Extended Reading: How many types of level transmitters are there?

Read more about: What Is the Difference Between Class 1 Div 1 and Class 1 Div 2 ?

Two-wire Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor

  • Measurement range: 5m, 10m, 15m, 25m (selected according to the actual measurement range)
  • Blind area: 0.25m~0.8m
  • Ranging accuracy: 0.25% to 0.5% (standard conditions)
  • Ranging resolution: 1mm
  • Pressure: Below 4 atmospheres
  • Instrument display: Built-in LCD to display liquid level or space distance
  • Analog output: 4~20mA
  • Digital output: none
  • Power supply voltage: DC24V/1W, built-in lightning protection device
  • Ambient temperature: -20℃~+60℃ High temperature needs to be customized (customizable temperature resistance 90℃)
  • Protection class: IP65 or IP68

Extended reading: Case Study: Automatic Sludge Blanket Level Detector

Four-wire Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor

  • Measurement range: 5m, 10m, 15m, 25m (selected according to the actual measurement range)
  • Blind area: 0.25m~0.8m
  • Ranging accuracy: 0.25% to 0.5% (standard conditions)
  • Ranging resolution: 1mm
  • Pressure: Below 4 atmospheres
  • Instrument display: Built-in LCD to display liquid level or space distance
  • Analog output: 4~20mA
  • Digital output: RS485, Modbus protocol or custom protocol
  • Relay output: two independent outputs
  • Power supply voltage: DC24V/AC220V, built-in lightning protection device
  • Ambient temperature: -20℃~+60℃ High temperature needs to be customized (customizable temperature resistance 90℃)
  • Protection class: IP65 or IP68

More about Factors To Consider When Choosing Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensors.

External Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor

  • Range specifications optional: 3m, 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m
  • Display resolution: 1mm
  • Short time repeatability: 1mm
  • Measurement error: ±1‰FS (too thick tank wall, unstable pressure and temperature may affect the accuracy)
  • Migration amount: ±10 m
  • Current output: 4~20mA, maximum load 750Ω
  • Communication: RS-485, infrared interface
  • The ambient temperature of the liquid level gauge host: -30℃~+70℃
  • Ultrasonic probe using ambient temperature: -50℃~+100℃, (wide temperature probe can be provided according to customer needs)
  • Operating environment humidity: 15%~100%RH
  • Explosion-proof mark: Ex d IIC T6 Gb
  • Shell protection: IP67
  • Liquid level display: 6-digit OLED display (unit: m)
  • Blind zone: There is a measurement blind zone in the ultrasonic level gauge

Extended reading: Non contact level measurement

Ultrasonic Level Sensor Working Principle

The working principle of the ultrasonic liquid level sensor is:

Ultrasonic transducer (probe) emits high-frequency pulse sound waves, and the surface of the measured level (material) is reflected back. The reflected echo is received by the transducer and converted into an electrical signal. The propagation time of the sound wave is proportional to the distance from the sound wave to the surface of the object.

The relationship between the sound wave transmission distance S and the sound speed C and the sound transmission time T can be expressed by the formula: S=C×T/2.

The probe part emits ultrasonic waves, which are then reflected by the liquid surface. The probe part is received again. The distance from the probe to the liquid (object) surface is proportional to the elapsed time of the ultrasonic wave:
hb = CT2
Distance [m] = time × speed of sound/2 [m]
The temperature compensation formula of sound velocity:
Ambient sound velocity = 331.5 + 0.6 × temperature

Extended reading: Amazing Solutions for Continuous Liquid Level Measurement

Ultrasonic Level Sensor for Tanks

Ultrasonic fuel tank level sensor, also called non-contact fuel meter. Ultrasonic level sensor measure continuous liquid level, fluid level, or oil level.

Ultrasonic level sensors measure the distance between the transducer and the surface. Using the time required for an ultrasound pulse to travel from a transducer to the fluid surface and back (TOF).  These sensors use frequencies in the tens of kilohertz range; transit times are ~6 ms/m.  The speed of sound (340 m/s in air at 15 degrees C, 1115 fps at 60 degrees F) depends on the mixture of gases in the headspace and their temperature.

More about Ultrasonic level measurement

Ultrasonic sensors work without the need to touch the medium being measured. Ultrasonic sensors are ideal for difficult or corrosive liquids such as acids, wastewater, and others. Ultrasonic level sensors are also ideal for continuous level measurement. While float switches and other sensors are adept at measuring when liquid levels are above or below a certain point. The nature of ultrasonic level measurement is such that levels can be sensed and displayed in real-time.

Read more about: Top 5 Ultrasonic Level Sensor Applications

Features of Ultrasonic Tank Level Sensor

  • Non-contact – nothing touches the liquid
  • Easy to install at the top of the tank into standard fittings
  • Use indoors or outside, in metal or plastic tanks
  • Connects to other industrial equipment
  • Measures a wide variety of liquids and liquid environments
  • Accessories to display, alarm, and control liquid levels
  • Wireless option sends tank levels to a LAN or the cloud
  • MRO & OEM tank setup duplication without re-calibration

Read more about: Ultrasonic Tank Level Sensor-External Mounted

Frequently
Asked
Questions

Application variables to avoid using ultrasonics are extreme foam, vapor, turbulent flow or installation in tall fittings with narrow risers.

Foam, steam and turbulence can absorb and/or deflect most of the return signal.

Tall riser fittings can disrupt the acoustic signal path. Proper product selection and installation is important.

Extended reading: Ultrasonic Oil Level Sensor-External Paste-Truck Fuel Tank

The reason for the measurement failure of Ultrasonic Level Sensor is that the measurement distance of the ultrasonic level gauge refers to the calm liquid level. When the liquid level in the container fluctuates or is stirred, the liquid level is not calm and the reflected signal will weaken. to less than half of the normal signal, so the measurement value of the ultrasonic level gauge will be disturbed.

We want to eliminate the influence of agitation in the container on Ultrasonic Level Sensor measurement. We need to choose an ultrasonic level gauge with a larger range. If the actual range is 5 meters, use an ultrasonic level gauge with a range of 10 meters or 15 meters to measure.

If the Ultrasonic Level Sensor is not replaced, and the liquid in the tank is non-viscous. A still-pipe can also be installed. Place the Ultrasonic Level Sensor probe in the still-pipe to measure the height of the level gauge. Because the liquid level in the waveguide is basically stable. At the same time, it is recommended to change the two-wire Ultrasonic Level Sensor to a four-wire one.

Extended reading: Magnetostrictive Level Transmitter Working Principle

The ultrasonic sensor is an ultrasonic pulse signal sent by an ultrasonic probe, which propagates in the gas and is reflected after encountering the interface between the air and the liquid. high.

Extended reading: Radar Level Sensor Working Principle

More Explosion Proof Transmitters

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Sino-Ins offers 20 Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensors products.

About 13% of these are ultrasonic level transducers, 4% are ultrasonic level indicators.

A wide variety of Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor options is available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Inst is an Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor supplier, located in China.

Explosion Proof Ultrasonic Level Sensor products are most popular in North America, Mid East, and Eastern Europe.

The United States, and India, which export 99%, 1%, and 1% of ultrasonic level transmitters respectively.

You can ensure product safety by selecting from a certified supplier, with ISO9001, ISO14001 certification.

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Slurry Flow Meter

Flow Meter for Slurry Application

Slurry is a product of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater treatment. Slurry consists of solid impurities, a slurry of suspended substances. The main characteristic of Slurry is high moisture content, and industrial wastewater sludge contains toxic substances.

For challenging flow applications including suspended solids. Whether it’s wastewater treatment or mining. Electromagnetic flowmeters (commonly referred to as magnetic flowmeters) are a reliable and cost-effective method of accurate measurement. Magnetic flowmeters work well in Slurry due to their versatility and corrosion-resistant properties.

Featured Slurry Flow Meters

Industrial Slurry Flow

The measurement of industrial Slurry and sewage has been one of the difficult problems to be overcome by the measurement workers for many years. There are two main reasons for this.

One is the fluid characteristics: the medium is dirty, the solid-liquid dual phase, the composition is complex, and it is easy to adhere and deposit.

The second is the measurement characteristics: the field working conditions are harsh, the detection devices are easily damaged and difficult to maintain, and the reliability of the measurement instruments is high.

In recent years, with the continuous deepening of the low-cost strategy of Jinan Iron and Steel, the implementation of measures such as solid waste recycling and zero discharge of sewage. In the process, the iron-making dedusting water, the steel-making dedusting water, and the phosphorus-removing water (collectively referred to as industrial sludge water) are recycled to the sedimentation tank for filtration. The pump is pressurized and transported to the sintering plant for mixing and reuse. The accurate measurement of this industrial sludge water is directly related to the quality of the sinter.

For this reason, how to accurately measure industrial Slurry sewage has always been our topic of discussion.

Extended Reading: Differential Pressure (DP) Flow Meters Technology

What is the Best Flow Meter for Slurry?

Which sludge flowmeter is better to choose?
From the current measurement technology, it is more common to choose an electromagnetic flowmeter to measure sludge.
Sino-Inst considers electromagnetic flowmeter as Best Flow Meter for Slurry.

The properties of the sludge to be treated and the deep dewatering process of the sludge, the electromagnetic flowmeter has the following technical characteristics:

  1. It can measure the flow of almost all conductive liquids, silts, viscous materials and mud.
  2. A prerequisite for the measurement is that the medium must have a minimum conductivity.
  3. Temperature, pressure, density and viscosity do not affect the measurement results.

When measuring sludge, the type of electromagnetic flowmeter selected is the use of HC electrode, PTFE lining, one-piece type, 20% of the sludge is added with medicine and stirred into a sludge slurry (solid content is about 10%~15%) through pumping. on the pipeline.

In conclusion

  1. The electromagnetic flowmeter can be used for sludge with a solid content less than or equal to 15%, and the purpose of accurate and stable measurement in the slurry is achieved.
  2. The use of grounding flanges and a good grounding connection are necessary conditions to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the flowmeter.

Magnetic Inductive Flow Meter

Magnetic Inductive Flow Meter is a flow meter that measures the flow of conductive fluids. Abbreviated as EMF, also called Electromagnetic flowmeters. It is a kind of Volumetric flow meter. A magnetic flow meter measures the velocity of conductive liquids moving through a pipe or conduit. In the wastewater treatment industry, Magnetic Flow Meter is the best flow meter choice.

Magnetic flow meter working principle

Magnetic flow meters use the principle of Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction to measure the flow rate of liquid in a pipe. In the magnetic flowmeter pipe parts, a magnetic field is generated, and channeled into the liquid flowing through the pipe. 

Faraday’s Law states that the voltage generated is proportional to the movement of the flowing liquid. A conductor moving through a magnetic field produces an electric signal within the conductor. And the singal is proportional to the velocity of the water moving through the field. 

As fluid flows through the magnetic field, conductive particles in the fluid create changes. This variation is used to measure and calculate the velocity of water flow through the pipe. When the fluid moves faster, more voltage is generated. The electronic transmitter processes the voltage signal to determine liquid flow.

Magnetic flow meter principle – Faraday’s Formula

Faraday’s Formula
E is proportional to V x B x D where:

E = The voltage generated in a conductor
V = The velocity of the conductor
B = The magnetic field strength
D = The length of the conductor

To apply this principle to flow measurement with a magnetic flow meter. First is to state that the fluid being measured must be electrically conductive for the Faraday principle to apply.

As applied to the design of magnetic flow meters, Faraday’s Law indicates that:the signal voltage (E) is dependent on V, B, D.V is the average liquid velocity ;

B is the magnetic field strength ;

D is the length of the conductor ( which in this instance is the distance between the electrodes).

Extended reading: Flow meter totalizer calculation

Electromagnetic flowmeter to measure Slurry flow

Which sludge flowmeter is better to choose? In general, it is more common to choose an electromagnetic flowmeter to measure sludge.

  1. The electromagnetic flowmeter has no mechanical inertia and has a flexible response. It can measure the instantaneous pulsating flow, and can also measure the flow in both positive and negative directions.
  2. The output of the electromagnetic flowmeter is only proportional to the average flow rate of the measured medium. It is independent of the active state (laminar or turbulent) under a symmetric distribution. Therefore, the range of electromagnetic flowmeters is extremely wide. Its measurement scale can reach 100:1. Some even reach the operational flow scale of 1000:1.
  3. The sensor structure of the electromagnetic flowmeter is simple. There are no moving parts inside the measuring tube, nor any saving parts that impede fluid movement. So no additional pressure loss occurs when the fluid passes through the flowmeter. It is one of the flow meters with the lowest operating energy consumption in the flow meter.
  4. The caliber of industrial electromagnetic flowmeters is extremely wide. From a few millimeters to several meters, and there are real-flow calibration equipment with a diameter of 3m in China. It lays the foundation for the application and development of electromagnetic flowmeter.
  5. Electromagnetic flowmeter is a volume flow measurement surface. In the measurement process, it is not affected by the temperature, viscosity, density and conductivity (in a certain scale) of the measured medium. Therefore, the electromagnetic flowmeter only needs to be calibrated by water. It can be used to measure the flow of other conductive liquids.
  6. It can measure the flow rate of dirty medium, corrosive medium and suspended liquid-solid two-phase flow.

Frequently
Asked
Questions

Normally, the slipry will be piped. So, we want to measure slipry. Then you need to install the flowmeter on the slurry pipeline.
Ideally, an electromagnetic flowmeter is installed to measure the slippery flow.

Extended Reading: Guide: Magnetic Flowmeter Installation

Most of the time, we would recommend using an electromagnetic flowmeter to measure the flow of slurries.
However, this does not mean that other flow meters cannot be used for the flow of slurries.

Which flowmeter is best for use? This needs to be selected according to the actual measurement parameters.

A flow meter is an instrument that indicates the flow rate to be measured and/or the total amount of fluid in a selected time interval. Simply put, it is a meter used to measure the flow of fluid in a pipe or open channel.

A flow meter also called a flow sensor, is a device or an instrument used to measure the linear, nonlinear, mass, or volumetric flow rate of a liquid or a gas.

Read more.

Totalizer flow meter is also called Totalizing flow meter. It refers to the totalizing function of the flow meter, or an instrument that can realize flow display and flow totalization.

Totalizer flow meter is also called Totalizing flow meter. It refers to the totalizing function of the flow meter, or an instrument that can realize flow display and flow totalization. The flow totalizer is used in conjunction with the flow sensor. The flow parameters can be measured and displayed, accumulated calculation, alarm, output, data acquisition and communication.

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Related Products

Sino-Instrument offers over 50 Slurry Flow Meter for flow measurement.

About 50% of these are differential pressure flow meters,

40% is the magneitc liquid flow sensor, and 20% are Ultrasonic Transmitter and mass flow meter.

A wide variety of Slurry flow meters options are available to you,such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Instrument is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of Slurry Flow Meter instrumentation, located in China.

Request a Quote

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Measuring Steam Flow and Steam Flow Meters

Measuring Steam Flow

Measuring Steam Flow is a difficult task. But again, it’s a very important thing. Steam flow measurement is difficult, the main reason is determined by the characteristics of steam. Steam is a relatively special medium. With the change of working conditions (such as temperature, pressure). Superheated steam is often transformed into saturated steam, forming a vapor-liquid two-phase flow medium.

Steam is an important energy substance. For energy consumption calculation or cost accounting. An accurate metering of the steam consumed is usually required using a flow meter.

Steam Flow Meters for Sale

Inaccurate steam flow measurement is a common Requirement in the heating industry. The main reasons are as follows:

superheated steam

Steam is a relatively special medium. Generally speaking, steam refers to superheated steam. Superheated steam is a common power source. It is often used to drive steam turbines to rotate. And then drive the generator or centrifugal compressor to work.

Superheated steam is obtained by heating saturated steam. There is absolutely no droplet or liquid mist in it, and it is an actual gas.

The temperature and pressure parameters of superheated steam are two independent parameters. Its density should be determined by these two parameters.

After the superheated steam is transported over a long distance, it changes with the working conditions (such as temperature and pressure). Especially when the degree of superheat is not high, it will enter the saturated or supersaturated state from the superheated state due to the decrease of the heat loss temperature.

Converted to saturated steam or supersaturated steam with water droplets. The saturated steam is suddenly decompressed greatly. When a liquid expands adiabatically, it also turns into superheated steam. In this way, a vapor-liquid two-phase flow medium is formed.

Read more about: Condensate Flow Meter-Steam Condensate Flow Meter|Types & Selection Guide

Saturated Vapor

Steam that has not been heat treated is called saturated steam. It is colorless and odorless. Non-flammable and non-corrosive gases. Saturated steam has the following characteristics:

(1) There is a one-to-one correspondence between the temperature and pressure of saturated steam. There is only one independent variable between the two.

(2) Saturated steam is easy to condense. If there is heat loss during transmission. Droplets or mist form in the steam. and lead to a decrease in temperature and pressure. Steam containing liquid droplets or mist is called wet steam.

Strictly speaking, saturated steam contains more or less a two-phase fluid of liquid droplets or mist. Therefore, different states cannot be described by the same gas state equation.

The content of liquid droplets or mist in saturated steam reflects the quality of the steam. It is generally expressed by the parameter of dryness. The dryness of steam refers to the percentage of dry steam per unit volume of saturated steam. Indicated by “x”.

(3) It is difficult to accurately measure the flow rate of saturated steam. Because the dryness of saturated steam is difficult to guarantee. General flowmeters cannot accurately detect the flow rate of two-phase fluid. Fluctuations in steam pressure will cause changes in steam density. Additional errors will occur in the indication value of the flowmeter. .So in steam measurement, it is necessary to try to maintain the dryness of the steam at the measurement point to meet the requirements. If necessary, compensation measures should be taken to achieve accurate measurement.

Extended reading: What Is Difference Between Rotameter And Flow Meter?

Analysis of Steam Measurements

Flow meters are currently used to measure steam flow. The measurement medium refers to single-phase superheated steam or saturated steam.

For steam with frequently changing phase flow, there will definitely be inaccurate measurements.

The solution to this problem is to keep the steam superheated and minimize the water content of the steam.

For example, strengthen the insulation measures of steam pipelines and reduce the pressure loss of steam. to improve the measurement accuracy.

However, these methods cannot completely solve the problem of inaccurate steam flow measurement. The fundamental solution to this problem is to develop a flow meter that can measure two-phase flowing media.

There are many types of flow meters used to detect gas flow. The most common applications are velocity and volumetric flow meters. Their common feature is that they can only measure the volume flow under operating conditions continuously. The volume flow is again a function of the state.
The volume flow in the working state cannot exactly represent the actual flow.
In engineering, it is generally expressed as standard state volume flow or mass flow.
The so-called standard state volume is the volume of gas at 0°C and 1 standard atmosphere or the volume at 20°C and 1 standard atmosphere.

The case where mass flow is the unit of measurement. At present, when the scale gas flow meter is not used in many applications. The normal temperature and pressure of the selected gas are the design conditions. Convert the volume flow under the design state to standard volume flow or mass flow. Its conversion coefficient contains the factor of gas density. When the working state of the gas medium deviates from the design state, the flow indication value will have errors.

Furthermore the composition, content or temperature of the gaseous medium changes. It also affects flow measurement. Therefore, the measurement of steam flow needs to take compensation measures. In addition, the compensation factors due to the state change of the steam are also complicated.

The density of superheated steam is determined by the temperature and pressure of the steam.

And in different ranges of parameters, the expression of density is also different. cannot be represented by the same general formula. Therefore, a unified density calculation formula cannot be obtained.

The temperature and pressure compensation formulas can only be derived individually.
In the case of large temperature and pressure fluctuation range. Except for temperature and pressure compensation. Compensation for the gas expansion coefficient Σ also needs to be considered.

No matter what kind of flow meter is used to detect the flow of saturated steam. When working under conditions of steam pressure fluctuations, pressure compensation measures must be taken. This is because the steam density factor is included in the flow equation. When the operating conditions are inconsistent with the design conditions, the readings will have errors. The size of the error and the working pressure are related to the size of the design pressure deviation. A negative error will occur if P real > P set. Otherwise there will be a positive error.

The dryness condition of steam is an important condition related to whether the steam flow can be accurately measured. At present, the online steam dryness testing instrument is being developed. The application of the dryness meter to the steam flow measurement and compensation system will further improve the measurement accuracy. The following three measures should be taken at present:

  1. The pipeline for conveying steam must have good insulation measures to prevent heat loss.
  2. Drain the steam pipeline section by section, and set steam traps at the lowest part of the pipeline and the pipeline in front of the instrument to drain the condensed water in time.
  3. During the operation of the boiler, the phenomenon that the liquid level of the steam drum is too high should be avoided, and the large fluctuation of the load should be minimized.

Selection of Steam Flow Meters

There are 5 main factors to consider when choosing a flow meter for steam metering:
Characteristics of the fluid being measured, production process conditions, installation conditions, maintenance requirements, and characteristics of the flow meter.

Here, we focus on discussing the characteristics, installation conditions, maintenance requirements and several issues that should be paid attention to when choosing a flow meter.

At present, the instruments for measuring steam flow mainly include vortex flowmeter, differential pressure type (orifice plate, uniform velocity tube, elbow) flowmeter, split rotor flowmeter, Annubar flowmeter, float flowmeter, etc.

The differential pressure transmitter is used to measure the fluid, and the flow rate is calculated from the pressure difference generated before and after the throttling element due to the change of the flow rate when passing through the throttling element. The measurement principle of differential pressure flowmeters with different throttling elements is the same.

This measurement method is based on the flow continuity equation and the Bernoulli equation. The magnitude of the differential pressure is not only related to the flow. It is also related to the structural form of the throttling element or the physical properties of the fluid in the pipeline. Therefore, the flow calculation needs to consider the correction factor of various influencing factors.

The differential pressure flowmeter has a narrow measurement range. Since the differential pressure signal and the flow rate are in a square relationship, the general range is (3:1)~(4:1).

According to different applications and accuracy requirements, each throttling element has its own characteristics and advantages.

For example, the orifice plate has higher precision; compared with the orifice plate, the nozzle has the characteristics of stable outflow coefficient and lower pressure loss. Under the same working conditions, it is 30%~50% of the orifice plate. It is very suitable for the measurement of steam flow; the Venturi requires short straight pipe sections before and after.

Extended reading: How to realize the flow accumulation function in PLC?

Vortex flowmeter is a new type of flowmeter successfully developed based on the principle of Karman vortex flow. Because it has the advantages that other flow meters cannot have both. It has developed rapidly since the 1970s. According to reports, the proportion of vortex flowmeters used in developed countries such as Japan, Europe and the United States has increased significantly. It has been widely used in various fields. Will dominate the flow meter in the future. It is an ideal substitute for orifice flowmeter.

It has the following characteristics:

  • Simple and firm structure, no moving parts, very reliable long-term operation;
  • The maintenance is very convenient and the installation cost is low;
  • The sensor does not directly contact the medium, with stable performance and long life;
  • Output pulse signal proportional to flow. No zero drift, high precision, and easy to network with computer;
  • Wide measurement range, turndown ratio up to 1:10;
  • Small pressure loss, low operating cost, and more energy-saving significance;
  • Within a certain range of Reynolds number, the output signal frequency is not affected by changes in the physical properties and composition of the fluid. The gauge factor is only related to the shape and size of the vortex generator. The volume flow of the fluid is measured without compensation. There is no need to re-calibrate the coefficient of the instrument after exchanging accessories;
  • Wide range of applications, both gas and liquid flow can be measured;
  • The verification period is 2 to 4 years.

The elbow flowmeter is actually a 90-degree standard elbow, and there is no flow sensor with a simpler structure.

With the development of the machining industry and the continuous improvement of industry standardization and standardized management, the standard mechanism elbows used as elbow sensors are becoming more and more cost-effective.

Its unique features are:

  • Simple structure and low price.
  • Elbow flowmeter sensors are wear-resistant and insensitive to trace wear.
  • The installation is simple and can be installed by direct welding. The trouble of running and dripping on the spot is completely solved.
  • It has strong adaptability, wide measuring range, and the requirements for straight pipe sections are not strict. As long as the fluid flow in the pipeline that can be measured by orifice plate, vortex street, and uniform velocity tube flowmeter can be measured by elbow flowmeter. And in terms of high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, impact resistance, vibration resistance, moisture resistance, dust resistance, etc., the elbow flowmeter is far superior to other flowmeters.
  • The range ratio of the elbow flowmeter can reach 1:10, for steam. Its applicable range is 0~70m/s. It can better meet the requirements of steam flow measurement.
  • Due to its special measurement principle, the elbow flowmeter does not have strict requirements on the straight pipe section in practical application. Generally, only the first 5D and the rear 2D are required. Far below the requirements of other flow measurement devices.
  • The elbow flowmeter has high accuracy and good repeatability. The measurement accuracy can reach 1.14%, and the repeatability accuracy can reach 0.2%. After one installation, it does not need to be disassembled repeatedly. Therefore, its installation accuracy can also be optimally guaranteed.
  • The most prominent feature of the elbow flowmeter is that it does not have any additional throttling parts or inserts. It can greatly reduce the power consumption of fluid transportation in the pipeline. It saves energy. It is especially beneficial for those measuring objects with large systems, large pipe diameters and low pressure heads. more obvious.

Frequently
Asked
Questions

How to measure the steam flow? Maybe everyone knows how to measure it with a flowmeter. Because there are many types of flowmeters on the market. I don’t know how to choose. There are liquids, gases, slurries and so on.
First, the temperature of the steam is relatively high. We have to choose a flowmeter that can withstand high temperature to measure. For example: V cone, orifice plate, Annubar, vortex flowmeter, etc. can be measured.

The commonly used flowmeters for steam flow measurement include differential pressure flowmeters, vortex flowmeters, rotor-type steam flowmeters, V-cone flowmeters, elbow flowmeters and flute uniform velocity flowmeters. The working principle and usage requirements of these steam flow meters are different.

The use of a steam flow meter can be used to directly measure the steam usage of a plant operating project.

This can be used to monitor the results of energy saving programs. And compare the efficiency of one project with another.

Steam can then be costed as a raw material at any stage of the production process, allowing the cost of individual product lines to be determined.

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The choice of Measuring Steam Flow and steam flow meter is very important. Accurately measuring steam flow is a need and a common concern in the production sector. With the development of the economy, the voice of improving the measurement level is getting louder and louder.

We should choose the appropriate flowmeter according to the actual measurement conditions.

The choice of Measuring Steam Flow and Steam Flow Meters has always been an industry challenge.

Sino-Inst, Manufacuturer for Steam Flow Measurement Flowmeters.

Sino-Inst’s Steam Flow Measurement Flowmeters, made in China, Having good Quality, With better price. Our Steam Flow Measurement instruments are widely used in China, India, Pakistan, US, and other countries.

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New Trend of Transformer Oil Level Indicator

What is Transformer Oil Level Indicator?

The Transformer oil level indicator is specially designed to measure and indicate the oil level in transformer tanks, oil conservators and on-load tap-changers. Transformer Oil Level Indicator – Also known as Liquid Level Indicator or OLI for short. Glass tube oil level gauge and pointer oil level gauge, these two are traditional Transformer oil level indicators.

About Transformer Oil

Transformer oil is a fractionation product of petroleum. Its main components are alkanes and naphthenes. It is a light yellow transparent liquid. It is a kind of insulating oil. In oil-immersed transformers, transformer oil mainly plays the role of insulation and cooling.

Why is Transformer Oil Level Indicator so important?

The abnormal oil level of the transformer is mainly due to the oil level being too high and too low.

Oil level too high

When the transformer oil level is higher than the maximum oil level line. Depending on the cause, different methods should be used to deal with it.

If it is caused by overload, the load should be reduced.

If the three-phase current is seriously unbalanced and the current of a certain phase exceeds the rated value. The load should be adjusted to achieve a basic balance.

If the cooler is abnormal, the temperature of the transformer oil rises. Oil expands when heated. cause the oil level to rise. Then check whether the cooler is blocked by dust accumulation, and whether the upper and lower valves of the oil pipe are open. Whether the fan and submersible pump are running normally. Whether the temperature of the cooling medium is appropriate, etc. Prompt treatment returns the cooler to normal operation.

If the oil level is too high due to excessive oiling of the transformer, the oil should be drained to an appropriate height.

Oil level too low

When the transformer oil level is significantly lower than the oil level corresponding to the oil temperature at that time. The oil level is too low when the oil level is below the minimum oil level line or is not visible.

When the transformer leaks oil. The oil was not replenished in time after the oil was drained due to work, or the original oil level of the transformer was not high. When the transformer load suddenly drops or the external ambient temperature drops significantly, the oil level will be too low.

Too low oil level will cause gas protection action. When there is a severe shortage of oil, the transformer core and windings will be exposed to the air. It is easy to get wet and reduce the insulation ability, and may even cause insulation breakdown.

Therefore, when the transformer oil level is found to be too low. The reason should be found and dealt with.

If the oil level is low and no oil leaks are found. The operator should report and replenish qualified transformer oil of the same type as soon as possible.

If it is because of an oil leak, the oil level has dropped significantly. Measures should be taken to eliminate the oil spill and refuel immediately to bring the oil level back to normal.

If a lot of oil leaks. When the oil level drops too much, it endangers the safe operation of the transformer. A dispatch application should be reported to deactivate the transformer.

Transformers for large-scale strong oil circulating water cooling. If the oil level is found to be low. Check the water for oily flowers. To prevent water seepage in the oil from endangering the transformer insulation. Replenish the oil after finding out the cause.

On the other hand, the transformer oil level rises or falls due to seasonal changes. is a normal phenomenon.

If the oil level is too high in summer, try to drain the oil. When the oil level is too low in winter, try to refuel. In order to maintain the normal oil level and ensure the safe operation of the transformer.

Therefore, the normal oil level should be maintained when the transformer is running. In order to monitor the oil level of the transformer, the oil pillow of the transformer is equipped with a glass tube oil level gauge or a magnetic needle oil level gauge.

When the transformer is running, under normal circumstances, the oil level of the transformer changes with the change of the transformer oil temperature.

When checking the oil level, pay attention to whether it is a fake oil level.

When the oil pillow respirator is blocked, the vent of the explosion-proof pipe is blocked, the oil gauge pipe is blocked or the oil level gauge is damaged, the false oil level will appear.

At this time, although the changes of transformer oil temperature, ambient temperature, load, etc. are normal. But the oil level does not change or changes abnormally.

Extended reading: Ultrasonic Oil Level Sensor-External Paste-Truck Fuel Tank

Oil level indicator types for transformers

transformer oil level sight glass

An oil pillow is an oil storage device used in transformers.

Its function is that when the transformer increases the load, the oil temperature rises, and the oil in the oil tank expands, and then too much oil will flow into the oil pillow.

Conversely, when the temperature drops, the oil in the oil pillow will flow into the oil tank again. It can automatically adjust the oil level. That is, the oil pillow plays the role of oil storage and oil replenishment. Make sure the tank is full of oil.

At the same time due to the equipped oil pillow. Reduce the contact area between the transformer and the air. And the moisture, dust and oxidized grease absorbed from the air are deposited in the depositor at the bottom of the oil pillow. Thereby greatly slowing down the deterioration rate of transformer oil.

There is a glass oil level gauge (or oil level gauge) on the side of the oil pillow. The change of the oil level in the oil pillow can be observed at any time.

Pointer Type Oil Level Gauge

In power systems, oil-immersed transformers above 35 kV usually adopt a hermetic design. And equipped with oil conservator and oil level gauge with capsule bag.

The commonly used oil level gauges for transformers are divided into pointer oil level gauges and tube oil level gauges.

The working principle of the pointer oil level gauge is when the oil level of the oil conservator changes. Cause the change of the diaphragm, causing the linkage rod to move up and down. Through the action of magnetic torque, the driven magnet pointer is driven to indicate the oil level.

The working principle of the pointer oil level gauge is when the oil level of the oil conservator changes. Drive the oil float up and down, and use the pressure relief valve to adjust the oil level to indicate the oil level.

Extended reading: High Temperature Flow Meter

Monitoring Transformer Oil Conservator Oil Levels with Pressure Sensors

Pressure sensors are widely used in liquid height measurement. The liquid height can be obtained by measuring and converting the liquid pressure value. In the transformer conservator, an oil drain is usually connected to the bottom of the conservator for oil draining.

To eliminate the harsh requirements of mechanical transmission and fully enclosed conditions. At the same time, it can meet the precise measurement of the oil level of the oil conservator. By installing a pressure sensor at the end of the oil drain pipe. The oil level height of the oil conservator is calculated by the two-point pressure difference algorithm.

In liquid height measurement, it can be calculated by pressure, and the calculation formula of liquid pressure is:

P = ρgh

where:
ρ is the density of the liquid;
g is the acceleration of gravity, which is 9.8 m/s2;
h is the liquid level height.

Through the two pressure sensors installed in the oil level detection device, two pressure values P1 and P2 can be obtained,
in:
P1 = ρ1 gh1
P2 = ρ2 gh2
h3 = h1 – h2

For small objects in the transformer oil conservator, the oil temperature difference between the two points of the oil drain pipe is negligible, so it can be considered that ρ1 = ρ2, h1 can be obtained by calculation, and then the oil level can be calculated.

h1 = P1 h3 P1 – P2

where:
P1 and P2 are the pressure values of two points;
h3 is the height difference between two points (this value is a definite value).

By this method, the influence of the change of the insulation temperature of the oil conservator on the measurement results can be eliminated.

Extended Reading: Mechanical flow meter for diesel

Online Oil Level Monitor for Non-contact Transformer Conservator

The transformer oil pillows are all closed. The maintenance and replacement of the existing oil level gauges require power outages, openings, and oil draining, which is very complicated. Therefore, a non-contact transformer oil pillow oil level is installed in
Line monitor is very necessary.

Sonar ranging principle:

The probe is adsorbed on the bottom of the oil pillow by a magnet. The sonar wave (mechanical wave) emitted by the probe can penetrate the steel wall and propagate upward in the oil. It will be reflected back when it encounters the oil-gas interface, and detected by the probe.

The oil level height h.h=V×t/2 is calculated by detecting the time difference t between the transmitted wave and the returning wave combined with the sound velocity value V. of the oil.

The principle of sonar distance measurement is the best solution for non-contact measurement of oil level in the oil pillow.

It only needs to attach the probe to the outer wall of the bottom of the oil pillow through the magnet to measure the internal oil level height. The probe does not touch the internal medium. Real non-contact measurement is realized.

There is no need to open holes on the oil pillow, which is very convenient for installation and maintenance.

Extended reading: RF Admittance Level Sensor

Featured oil level indicator types

  • Manual Oil Tank Level Measurement
  • Magnetic flip level gauge for Tank Level Sensing
  • Buoyancy Method for Oil Level Measurement
  • Hydrostatic level gauge for Oil Level Measurement
  • Ultrasonic method for Oil Level Measurement
  • Electrical method for Oil Level Measurement
  • Radar Level Sensors for Oil Level Measurement
  • Magnetoelectric method for Tank Level Sensing

Frequently
Asked
Questions

The Oil Level Indicator (OLI) was developed in response to the need of maintenance professionals to gauge the oil level inside large tanks, gearboxes and reservoirs.

Extended reading: Magnetostrictive Level Transmitter Working Principle

A tank level sensor is a level sensor used to measure the tank level. The liquid level is the level of the liquid in a sealed container (such as a water tank) or an open container (water tank). The instrument that measures the liquid level is called a liquid level sensor, a liquid level gauge, or a liquid level transmitter. The liquid level sensor is a kind of level instrument. Hydrostatic, Ultrasonic, Magnetostrictive, Radar, Differential Pressure are common choices for tank level measurement. Liquid level sensors have been around for decades for leak detection or level measurement. Commonly measured mediums are Water, Fuel, Diesel, Gasoline, diesel, liquefied gas, liquid ammonia, etc.

Extended reading: Amazing Solutions for Continuous Liquid Level Measurement

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Sino-Inst offers over 10 Solutions for Transformer Oil Level Indicator. About 50% of these are float liquid level meters, 40% are the level switches.

A wide variety of Solutions for Transformer Oil Level Indicator options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Inst is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of Solutions for Transformer Oil Level Indicator instrumentation, located in China.

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External Tank Level Indicator

External Mounted Tank Level Sensors

External Tank Level Indicator refers to an externally mounted level sensor. It is used to install on the outside of the liquid storage tank to measure the liquid level of the tank. When measuring with External Tank Level Indicator, install the ultrasonic probe just below the outer wall (bottom) of the container under test. No need to cut holes, easy to install. Does not affect on-site production. It can realize accurate measurement of various toxic substances and various pure liquids in high temperature and high pressure airtight containers.


Featured External Tank Level Indicators for Sale

Difficulties Existing in Liquid Level Measurement in Industrial Storage Tank Industry

Most liquid fuels used in industry, such as liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, diesel, lubricating oil and other refined oils, as well as liquid chemical gases. For example: liquid ammonia, liquid chlorine, are stored in a high-pressure airtight container. In the production process, in order to ensure the safety of production, it is necessary to regularly measure the liquid level of the remaining liquid in the closed container.

Because these liquids are flammable and explosive. Using the traditional liquid level measurement method will cause damage to the tightness of the container. Safety accidents such as liquid leakage are prone to occur. In particular, after the storage tank has been built and put into service. It is hoped that another principle that is different from the existing level gauge will be added, and a level gauge with a different principle will be used. It’s hard for businesses to choose.

Extended reading: What is a capacitive liquid level sensor?

No holes – No damage the tank – External Tank Level Indicator

In response to the above problems, we designed and produced a new type of non-intrusive ultrasonic liquid level measurement system – externally attached liquid level gauge. This enables a truly non-invasive, non-contact measurement method.

Simply mount the measuring probe on the outer wall of the tank or container bottom. The reflection and transmission properties of ultrasonic waves are utilized. Realize the measurement of the liquid level inside the storage tank. The calculated liquid level value is displayed locally and a remote signal is output.

The meter can output measurement results to the control system via 4-20 mA analog signal, HART, RS-485 and other interfaces. At the same time, the data can also be sent to the Internet through wireless transmission via WIFI, GPRS and NBIOT.

Extended reading: Diesel Tank Level Monitoring System

External Tank Level Indicator Applications

External Tank Level Indicator has a wide range of applications. Especially the liquid level measurement application of flammable, explosive, strong corrosive, toxic and harmful pressure vessel storage tanks is more prominent.

Medium:
Liquid chlorine, liquefied gas, liquid ammonia, hydrofluoric acid, propylene, vinyl chloride, ethylene oil, butane, chlorosilane, butadiene, C5, C4, ethylene oxide, butylene oil, silicon tetrachloride, refrigerant , liquid Australia, xylene, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, lye, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, other media.

Industry :
Chlor-alkali, storage and transportation, petrochemical, refrigeration, coal chemical industry, oil refining, chlorination industry, fertilizer, pesticide, electric power, military, oil depot, liquid storage, and other industries.

Extended reading: level sensors for fuel tanks


In a rubber project, it is necessary to measure the level of butadiene in a spherical tank. Butadiene is easy to self-polymerize to produce high molecular polymers. The selection of ordinary liquid level instruments is relatively limited.

According to the “Tank Farm Automation System Design Regulations”, “each pressure storage tank should be equipped with two sets of independent and different types of liquid level measuring instruments”. If this project chooses conventional contact liquid level gauge. Butadiene is very likely to self-polymerize at the dead corner of the detection port. Therefore, the non-contact type is given priority in the selection of the liquid level gauge.

Extended reading: Sludge Blanket Level Detector Appliactions

In the design of a liquid ammonia spherical tank, the externally attached ultrasonic level gauge also has a good application.

The liquid ammonia in the storage tank is a colorless, pungent odor toxic liquid, which is corrosive to a certain extent.

Because the density of liquid ammonia is greatly affected by temperature, the differential pressure liquid level gauge is not applicable in this project. Finally, the External Tank Level Indicator is selected for detection.

Extended Reading: How to Measure Volume of Liquid

In a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the parameters of the original level gauge on the high-pressure storage tank were unstable. The owner wants to add a level gauge to compare it with.

However, the on-site installation space of the high-pressure container is small, and the re-opening conditions are not available. After negotiation, it was decided to use an externally attached ultrasonic level gauge.

Not only avoids the economic loss caused by the shutdown of the device and hot work. It also eliminates the potential safety hazard of new leak points of pressure vessels. Simple, precise and reliable installation.

Extended reading: Radar Level Sensor Advantages and Disadvantages

Externally mounted ultrasonic level gauges have lower dielectric constants in some. Such as liquefied gas (dielectric constant <1.9) or the liquid surface contains a large number of bubbles and other situations where the radar level gauge is not suitable for use. Can be a good replacement for radar level gauges.

In some highly corrosive acid-base storage tanks, such as liquid chlorine storage tanks, etc. Externally attached ultrasonic level gauges are also very useful.

Common available media for externally attached ultrasonic level gauges include liquid chlorine, liquefied gas, liquid ammonia, ethylene, butadiene, gasoline, diesel, benzene, liquid bromine, hydrochloric acid, lye, nitric acid, methanol, vinyl chloride, hydrofluoric acid , ethylene glycol, propane, naphtha, ethylene oxide, dimethyl ether.

Extended reading: Float Level Sensors – Single and Multipoint


Externally Attached Ultrasonic Oil Level Sensor – Trucks

Ultrasonic oil level sensor is an external sensor used to measure the liquid level height in tanks and containers.
The sensor uses the ultrasonic detection principle to measure the oil level(liquid level), and then converts the measured height value into the oil volume value through intelligent processing, and then transmits the fuel volume data to the background supervision system through GPS to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of vehicle fuel consumption.

At present, the products are mainly used in the field of the Internet of Vehicles to monitor the changes in the internal oil level of the tank in real time, so as to realize the detection of fuel volume. It can be used to prevent oil theft, optimize operating costs, optimize driver driving behavior, assist statistical decision-making, etc. At the same time, this product can also be used in fields such as chemical industry, water conservancy, storage tanks and other fields with liquid level detection needs.

Extended reading: Ultrasonic Oil Level Sensor-External Paste-Truck Fuel Tank

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Frequently
Asked
Questions

Everyone knows that there are only two ways to detect the water level of the water tank: manually check the water level detection function realized by the guard sensor and so on.

Manual review will have the disadvantages of inaccurate positioning, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, many water tank water level control is usually solved by sensors.

The water level sensor is a kind of sensor commonly used to detect the liquid level to realize the liquid level control function. It can realize the functions of water shortage protection, no water alarm, anti-overflow function, automatic water addition and so on.

Extended reading: Float Switch Water Level Controller

There are many types of liquid level sensors that can measure water. From our personal experience, hydrostatic submersible level sensors are the easiest to use and relatively low cost.

Extended reading: Hydrostatic Level Measurement

Yes.

Measuring the level of water with ultrasonic sensors is a very common application. Remote water level monitoring is required in many places. Such as factory reservoirs, reservoirs for farmland irrigation, water towers for water supply, river water levels, etc. It is important to do a good job of remote monitoring of water levels in these areas.

Ultrasonic liquid level sensor, non-contact measurement of water level. easy installation. Easy to use.

Ultrasonic technology is not only used to measure level, but also can be used to measure depth.

Extended reading: RF Admittance Level Sensor

Read more about: Common River Water Level Measurement Methods

Sino-Inst offers over 10 External Tank Level Indicators and transmitters for level measurement. About 50% of these are ultrasonic liquid level meters, 40% is the level switches.

A wide variety of External Tank Level Indicators and transmitters options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Inst is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of External Tank Level Indicators and transmitters instrumentation, located in China.

Request a Quote

Please enable JavaScript in your browser to submit the form

80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter

80 GHz Radar Level Measurement

80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter refers to a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar product operating at 76-81GHz. It can be used for level measurement of solids and liquids. Since it operates at a higher frequency, the wavelength is shorter. It has a smaller diameter. Ideal for dusty atmospheres or low reflective media. It has unique advantages in high dust and harsh temperature environment (+200℃). Small dead zone and narrow beam angle allow use in small and tall vessels.

Unique Technical Advantages of 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter

80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter refers to frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar products operating at 76-81GHz. Four-wire and two-wire applications are supported. There are multiple models, the maximum range of the product can reach 120m, and the blind area can reach 8 cm.

Because the 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter operates at a higher frequency. shorter wavelengths. So it is especially suitable for solid applications. The working method of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves through a lens. It has unique advantages in high dust and harsh temperature environment (+200℃).

80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter provides flange or threaded fixing, which makes installation convenient and easy.

The main advantages of 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter are as follows:

  • Based on self-developed CMOS millimeter-wave radio frequency chip. Enables a more compact RF architecture. Higher signal-to-noise ratio, smaller dead zone.
  • The 5GHz operating bandwidth enables the product to have higher measurement resolution and measurement accuracy.
  • The narrowest 3° antenna beam angle. Disturbances in the installation environment have less impact on the meter. Installation is more convenient.
  • Shorter wavelengths and better reflection properties on solid surfaces. Therefore, there is no need for special use of universal flanges for aiming.
  • Support remote debugging and remote upgrade. Reduce waiting time. Improve work efficiency.
  • Support mobile phone Bluetooth debugging. It is convenient for on-site personnel to maintain work.

Extended reading: Non contact level measurement

Communication and debugging

The instrument can be debugged through the LCD in the field. It can also be debugged on the PC side with the optional host computer software.

The communication between the 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter and the PC is as follows:

  1. USB to RS485 serial cable (four-wire system);
  2. USB to TTL serial cable (two-wire system);
  3. USB to Hart-modem (two-wire system) for communication.
  4. Debugging through bluetooth through mobile phone makes on-site debugging safer and more convenient.
  5. 4G network, remote debugging through remote module.

Extended reading: Radar Level Sensor Advantages and Disadvantages

80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter Measurement Principle

The general principle of the FM continuous wave radar level gauge is that the radar emits electromagnetic waves on the top of the tank. And the electromagnetic waves are received by the radar after being reflected by the medium.

The frequency difference δf between the received signal and the transmitted signal is proportional to the distance R from the surface of the medium:

R=C (speed)*δf (frequency difference)/2/K (frequency modulation slope).

Because the speed of light C and the frequency modulation slope K are known.

The frequency difference δf can be estimated to obtain the distance R from the radar installation position to the material surface.

And then through the known total height of the tank. Subtract the spatial distance from the radar to the material surface (referred to as Empty height) to get the height of the material level.

Extended reading: Magnetostrictive Level Transmitter Working Principle

Terminology

Beam angle:
Beamwidth bounded by 3dB below the maximum value. The minimum beam angle of 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter is 3°, as shown in the figure.

Distance Resolution:
Range resolution refers to the radar’s ability to distinguish between two objects that are very close together.

If the separation between the two objects is less than the range resolution of the level radar. Then the radar can only measure one distance value. This distance value is not equal to the distance value of any of the objects. It is a combination of the distance values ​​of the two objects.

The FM bandwidth of the 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter is B=5.1GHz. Minimum distance resolution=C/2B≈3cm.

Measurement accuracy (Accuracy):
If there is only one object and this object has moved a small distance. Whether the level radar can detect distance changes. The indicator of how far a single object has moved is called accuracy.

The IF signal of the 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter is analyzed by its own algorithm, and the measurement accuracy is 0.1mm.

Ambient temperature:
The temperature of the surrounding air in contact with the device enclosure.

Blind spot:
Refers to the measurement limit of the near end of the instrument, and the instrument cannot measure in the blind area.

dB (decibel):
Indicates the unit of signal amplitude.

Dielectric Constant (DK):
The ability of a dielectric to store electrical energy under the induction of an electromagnetic field. Often referred to as the relative permittivity.

The increase in the permittivity is directly proportional to the increase in the echo amplitude. The relative vacuum/dry air dielectric constant is 1.

Echo:
The reflected signal received by the radar.

Emission cone:
The extension of the antenna beam angle.

False echo:
Any echoes that are not generated by the desired target. Generally, false echoes are generated by obstructions in the container.

Multiple echoes:
The multiple reflection echoes appearing at the target echo distance may be 2 or 3 times.

Polarization:
Emitted electromagnetic wave properties, describing the direction and magnitude of the electric field vector that changes over time.

Range:
(1) Refers to the farthest measurement limit of the instrument
(2) Special, refers to the artificially set maximum distance. Outside this distance, the meter does not consider it when processing data.

Repeatability:
In the same test environment, measure the same reflective target multiple times to measure the deviation of the results.

Speed ​​of light:
Symbol C, the speed of electromagnetic waves. Includes electromagnetic waves and light in free space. The speed of light is 299,792,458 meters per second.

Threshold curve:
A time-varying curve that serves as a threshold beyond which echoes are considered valid.

Extended reading: Amazing Solutions for Continuous Liquid Level Measurement

Beam Angle

The beam angle is the beam angle when the radar wave energy density reaches half of its maximum value (3dB width). Microwaves emit signals outside the beam range and can be reflected by interference objects.

Lens antenna diameterΦ32mmLens antennaΦ42mmLens antennaΦ78mmLens antenna
Beam angle

The larger the antenna size, the smaller the beam Angle alpha, the less the interference echo will be generated.

For more accurate measurements, avoid installing any internal devices (such as limit switches, temperature sensors, bases, vacuum rings, heating coils, baffles, etc.) within the signal beam range.

Linear

ComparedUltrasonicRadar
Common Frequency30 kHz, 240 kHz80GHz
Microwaves TypeMechanical wave(Sound waves)Electromagnetic waves
Dust, condensation, buildupHuge influenceNo influence
Air temperature, pressureHuge influenceNo influence
Air density, and gas compositionHuge influenceNo influence
Suitable ApplicationSimple/stationary measurements (Exp: Water level)Nearly all types of level measurements

Compared26GHz radar80GHZ radar
transmit frequency26GHz76-81GHz
Maximum range70m120m
signal to noise ratio90dB120dB
beam angle10°
Minimum blind spot30cm8cm
highest precision1cm (liquid level)0.7mm
measurable mediumDielectric constant>3Dielectric constant>1.5
applicabilitySimple liquid level, material levelSimple liquid level, complex working conditions such as dust, steam, adhesion, slender installation pipes, stirring, foam, etc.

Extended Reading: What is level transmitter working principle?

80GHZ Radar Level Transmitter Applications

80G high frequency radar level meter has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy, wide application range, non-contact measurement, etc. It can be widely used in material level and liquid level measurement of various highly corrosive and high dust media.

The 80GHz radar level meter can not only measure the liquid level, but also measure the solid material level. Including powder materials. It has a good application in different storage tanks. Process storage tanks (silo), reaction tanks, static storage tanks , Dome tank, flat-top tank, spherical tank, horizontal tank, stilling pipe, bypass pipe, tank with agitator.

Applicable working conditions:

  • Intermediate silo
  • Warehouse
  • hopper
  • Storage tank
  • Process tank
  • Mixing tank

Extended reading: Oil-water interface measurement-Magtech magnetic level indicator

The micro-powder business department of a chemical plant has a variety of tanks, with a field measuring a range of 25 meters. There is a stirrer and heating device inside, and there is high steam when feeding.

As shown in the figure below, when the staff opened the observation cover, strong steam could be seen coming out.

A guided wave radar level gauge is selected before the scene. However, guided wave radar is easily affected by factors such as the corrosiveness of the measuring medium and the viscosity of the medium, and the measurement effect is not good.

Later, the customer chose the 80G radar level meter, and the historical trend chart after use is as follows. It can be seen that the liquid level of the four 80G radar level gauges installed on-site can be measured well in several loading and unloading processes.

Extended Reading: FMCW Radar for High Temperature Level Sensor

Why do we have to choose an 80G millimeter-wave radar level gauge for liquid level measurement under high steam and stirring conditions? Can the 26G radar level gauge measure?

Explain briefly. The 80G radar level gauge has a high transmission frequency, has good penetration, and is not affected by steam.

The launch angle of 3° can effectively avoid the interference of the stirring blade;

The unique echo tracking algorithm (echo locking function) avoids reading multiple echoes when the material level is high.

However, when the 26G radar level gauge is in a high-steam environment, the radar wave cannot penetrate the steam or the echo is greatly weakened after the radar wave reaches the interface of the medium, and the measurement is unstable;

In addition, the launch angle of the 26G radar level gauge is generally above 20°, so that the radar wave is easily affected by the stirring blade, causing false alarms;

And when the material level is high, there is no internal steam and the range is large, the echo is very strong, and it is easy to read multiple echoes.

Therefore, the 80G radar level gauge can be selected to obtain a good measurement effect for liquid level measurement under high steam and stirring conditions.

Extended reading: Radar Level Meter for Corrosive Liquids

So far, it is difficult for radar sensors to measure the level of very light medium and medium with low dielectric constant. Such as plastic foam, polystyrene, oil, etc. The difficulty of measurement is that the dielectric constant of these substances is very low and some media contain a lot of air. . So very little radar energy can be reflected.

Today we will share a related case: a petrochemical unit measures industrial white oil (dielectric constant <2). When the liquid level is low, as shown in the figure below, the liquid level is only about 50mm.

The user used a conventional 26G radar level gauge before. When there is only a small amount of white oil at the bottom of the tank, the radar wave directly penetrates to the bottom of the tank. Because the installation of the guided wave radar level gauge needs to reserve the bottom distance, it cannot be measured normally when the liquid level is relatively low.

Later, the customer chose the 76-81GHz FM continuous wave radar level gauge. The 80G radar level gauge has a 5GHz ultra-large FM scan frequency width. Compared with the ordinary 26G radar level gauge, the echo curve is shown in the figure below. The yellow curve can be seen The representative FM continuous wave radar level gauge. It can accurately read the material level height and tank bottom height. It can clearly distinguish the 50mm oil level height. The 26G radar level gauge represented by the gray curve cannot distinguish the correct liquid level. It penetrates directly through the interface and reaches the bottom of the tank.

The frequency modulation bandwidth of the 80G radar level meter is B=5.1GHz. The minimum distance resolution is Sres=C/(2×B)=2.94cm. Due to the wide frequency modulation bandwidth, the 80G radar level meter has a high resolution. Even if the bottom blind area is small, the meter can distinguish the correct liquid level.

Find more about Guided wave radar level transmitters equipped with Coaxial Probe for liquids with low dielectric constant. For example: non-ionized water, deoxygenated water and other liquid measurement. 

Extended reading: Hydrostatic Level Measurement

More Featured Non-Contacting Radar Level Measurement

Frequently
Asked
Questions

Radar level instruments measure the distance from the transmitter (located at some high point) to the surface of a process material located farther below in much the same way as ultrasonic transmitters – by measuring the time-of-flight of a traveling wave.

Extended reading: RF Admittance Level Sensor

A guided wave radar level transmitter is also called a wave-guided radar level sensor. They can measure both levels and the interface between two media. Through probe rod or cable, complete level contact types continuous level measurement. Such as Coaxial Probe Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter. This is different from ultrasonic level measurement, which is a non-contact measurement. A guided wave radar level transmitter is often used for tank level measurement. Including liquid and solid. Output 4~20mA/HART, so as to measure and control the level during production.

Extended Reading: Guided-wave radar (GWR) level transmitter working principle

We have two kinds of radar level transmitters:

  • Noninvasive or Non-contact Systems
  • Invasive or Contact System

Extended reading: Float Level Sensors – Single and Multipoint

Read More about: List of Differences: Radar vs Ultrasonic Level Measurement

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Sino-Inst offers 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitters for level measurement.

A wide variety of 80GHZ Radar Level Transmitters options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Inst is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of radar level measurement instrumentation, located in China.

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Material Level Indicators

The material level indicator refers to an instrument for real-time detection of changes in the height of solid materials in a container. Material level indicator is also known as material level transmitter, material level controller, material level meter, etc.

Level measurement usually refers to the detection of the height of materials (solid or liquid level) in closed or open containers during industrial production. Instruments that accomplish this measurement task are called level gauges. Level measuring instruments are used to monitor liquid or solid material levels. Includes slurries and granular solids.

Material Level Monitoring

Level measuring instruments are industrial automation instruments that measure the liquid level and loading height of liquid and powdery materials. Measure the stacking height or surface position of solid materials such as lumps, granules and powders.

Material Level Monitoring is the measurement of the surface position of solid blocks or powders in a silo to understand the amount of material stored in the silo.

for example:
In thermal power plants, it is necessary to detect the position of coal lumps and pulverized coal in the raw coal hopper and pulverized coal bunker.

Featured Material Level Indicators

The requirements for measuring the level of bulk materials are increasing. Reliable level sensors achieve the required measuring accuracy in all areas of the process chain. Depending on the position, the standard level gauge can be individually configured, making it suitable for various applications.

The measurement of fine powders in the chemical industry is as reliable as the measurement of sand and gravel or the measurement of plastic particles in the construction industry.

A variety of different bulk materials are commonly used in steel production. Material level information facilitates accurate material management and avoids conveyor congestion and feed hopper overflows. This prevents material loss, delays and additional costs.

In general, simple material level information obtained by optical distance sensors or ultrasonic sensors is sufficient.

Extended reading: GWR Solid Level Sensor-for Cement silo-Ash powder measure

The Rotary paddle bin level indicator is based on the principle of rotating machinery. The motor-driven paddles rotate continuously at a standard rotation speed of one revolution per minute.

The increasing bulk material in the silo or container buries the paddles. This blocks the rotation and generates a counter-torque.

This reactive torque turns the built-in rotatable motor out of its original position and signals the switch via the switch arm to open the switch.

The second switch delays cutting power to the motor.

If the level drops again, the paddles are exposed, and the spring will spring the motor back to its original position.

At this time, the motor is powered on and then sends out an output signal. The paddles begin to spin continuously again.

Extended reading: Radar Level Sensor Working Principle

The drying process usually consists of four stages: filling, drying, cooling and draining.

In order to realize media visualization and process automation. The material level of the silos storing wet bulk materials, storage vessels, static layer dryers and circulating dryers must be continuously controlled and monitored.

In storage containers, static layer dryers and circulating dryers. The level switch is used as a full warehouse alarm.

When the material reaches the preset level, the conveying device is automatically closed.

In the wet material or dry material storage container, the opposite is true. The level switch can be used as an empty warehouse alarm and a full warehouse alarm.

In particular, the empty silo alarm requires a sturdy structure of the paddle and is equipped with a protective tube. This can prevent the empty silo material level alarm from being damaged when the silo material falls.

The conveyor for filling the drying containers is powered on via the empty bin alarm. The empty bin alarm also controls the operation of the dryer. The full warehouse alarm will cut off the power supply of the conveying device when the material reaches the allowable level.

Extended reading: Amazing Solutions for Continuous Liquid Level Measurement

The cement silo material level indicator is mainly used for automatic detection and control of the limit material level of various materials (such as powder, granule or block). Different types of material level indicators can meet the requirements of different working conditions. In metallurgy, Grain, flour, building materials, cement, electric power, coal, chemical industry, foundry, rubber, environmental protection dust removal and other industries have a wide range of applications in the process of material transportation and control.

Extended reading: Float Level Sensors – Single and Multipoint

Cement Silo Level Measurement

Cement silo seems to be a simple supporting equipment for concrete mixing plant. In fact, it also contains many auxiliary devices. It is not just a simple silo. It also includes auxiliary devices such as dust collector, arch breaking device, pressure safety valve, Level meter, etc.

The material level meter is mainly used for automatic detection and control of the limit material level of various materials such as cement and fly ash. It is indispensable. What does it do?

The material level meter is a sensor used to sense the height change of the material in the container. It can continuously detect the height, volume and other values ​​of the material in real time and convey relevant information to the computer or display instrument.

In the concrete mixing plant, the cement silo is a closed material storage device. The user cannot intuitively understand the amount of powder in it. At this time, a material level meter is needed.

Simply put, the material level meter in the cement silo can accurately record the position of the material in the cement silo, which is convenient for management.

After understanding the function of the level meter, what are the characteristics of the level meter?

  1. Anti-interference, ready to use:

Because there are no complicated electronic components and their amplifying circuit parts inside. Therefore, the level gauge is not subject to any electromagnetic wave interference. After installation, it can be used for a long time without any debugging and maintenance.

  1. Super anti-shake performance design:

There are no false signals even when the material is flowing.

  1. Shock resistance and anti-loosening structure design. Effectively avoid loosening and slipping of parts. High-quality stainless steel material is used to make it have excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
  2. The material level meter adopts contact measurement. The result is real, accurate and reliable. It can be installed horizontally, inclined and vertically. It is easy to install and use.
  3. Material level display function:

Adopt long-life high-brightness indicator light. The material level display is intuitive and convenient.

  1. Excellent measurement reproducibility and adaptability to environmental conditions:

That is, it is not affected by changes in material particle size, shape, specific gravity, medium, wall scale, adhesion, temperature, humidity, dust concentration, etc.

  1. Double protection function:

The overload protection function prevents the blades from being damaged by excessive external force. The automatic protection function enables the material level device to be powered off when the rotation of the material blades is blocked in the silo, which protects the motor and effectively prolongs its service life.

Extended Reading: Silo/Bin material level measurement system

The Difference Between Material Level Indicator and Level Switch

First of all, the concept of Material Level Indicator and Level Switch is different.

Broadly speaking, Material Level Indicator is divided into two types: switch type and continuous type. It means that Material Level Indicator includes level switch.

In a narrow sense, the Material Level Indicator can detect the material level change in the container in real time, and can achieve continuous measurement. The material level switch only has the function of switching value, which can only monitor and control the point position, and cannot achieve continuous measurement.

Of course, in general, the instruments for continuous measurement use the naming method of Material Level Indicator. Most of the instruments for switching values use the naming method for level switches.

Secondly, the products covered by Level Switch and Material Level Indicator are different.

Divide from a narrow concept.

The material level switch mainly includes vibrating rod material level switch, resistance rotary material level switch, tuning fork material level switch, radio frequency admittance material level switch, etc.

Material Level Indicator mainly includes Ultrasonic Material Level Indicator, Radar Material Level Indicator, Ray Level Indicator, etc.

Frequently
Asked
Questions

There are many different types of level indicators, each with its own application.

Use level indicators to detect and measure the level of liquids in tanks. Standard technologies used to measure liquid level include floats, pressure or depth sensors, ultrasonic detection and conductivity level measurement, and radar measurement.

Some other reference level indicators are tubular level indicators, float and plate level indicators, sight flow indicators, window sight flow indicators, pressure gauges and bi-color indicators. Some level indicators have multiple functions. Examples include built-in controllers, continuous output measurements and adjustable alarm switches.

Different types of liquid level indicators have different working principles. For example, we simply say radar level gauge.

Radar level gauge is a measuring instrument based on the principle of time travel. Radar waves travel at the speed of light, and the run time can be converted into a level signal by electronic components. The probe emits high frequency pulses that travel along the cable probe. When the pulse hits the material surface, it is reflected back and received by the receiver inside the meter. And convert the distance signal into a level signal.

Extended reading: Hydrostatic Level Measurement

Point level control should refer to a way of liquid level control circuit. By setting a control point to control the main working electrical (water pump or electric valve, etc.) to start (open) or stop (close) at this liquid level control point.

Extended reading: RF Admittance Level Sensor

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Sino-Inst offers over 20 Material Level Indicators for level measurement. For detecting high, intermediate, or low levels of liquids, powders and free flowing granular solids stored in tanks, bins, silos or other containers. About 50% of these are Radar level meters, 40% is other tank level sensor.

A wide variety of Material Level Indicators options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Inst is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of Material Level Indicators instrumentation, located in China.

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Digital Flow Meter for Argon Gas

What is Digital Flow Meter for Argon Gas?

Digital flow meter for argon gas refers to a flow meter that can be used for detection, display, transmission, and signal output. Digital argon flowmeter and argon regulator are different. Argon regulator has the function of displaying and reducing pressure. Digital flow meter for argon gas cannot be decompressed and regulated. However, instantaneous, cumulative volume/mass flow can be displayed. And output the corresponding digital signal for flow monitoring system monitoring statistics.

Argon Gas

Argon is a rare gas widely used in industry. It is very inert in nature and neither burns nor supports combustion. In aircraft manufacturing, shipbuilding, atomic energy industry and machinery industry. When welding special metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, copper and its alloys and stainless steel, argon is often used as a welding shielding gas to prevent welding parts from being oxidized or nitrided by air.

  1. Aluminum industry. Used to replace air or nitrogen to create an inert atmosphere during aluminum manufacturing. Helps remove unwanted soluble gases during degassing. As well as removing dissolved hydrogen and other particles from molten aluminum.
  2. Steelmaking. Used to displace gases or vapors and prevent oxidation in processes. For stirring molten steel to maintain constant temperature and the same composition. Helps remove unwanted soluble gases during degassing. As a carrier gas, argon can be used to chromatographically determine the composition of a sample. Argon can also be used in the Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD) process used in stainless steel refining. The purpose is to remove carbon monoxide and reduce chromium losses.
  3. Metal processing. Argon is used as an inert shielding gas in welding. Provides oxygen- and nitrogen-free protection in the annealing and rolling of metals and alloys. As well as for flushing molten metal to eliminate porosity in castings.
  4. Welding shielding gas. Argon is used as a shielding gas during welding. Burnout of alloying elements and other welding defects resulting therefrom can be avoided. This makes the metallurgical reaction in the welding process simple and easy to control. to ensure high quality welding. The results show that under argon protection, the pores in the remelting zone are precipitation pores. Under open conditions, the pores in the remelting zone are precipitation pores and reactive pores.
  1. Other uses. Electronics, lighting, argon knife, etc.

Argon Flowmeters Types

There are actually many kinds of flow meters that can measure argon. Such as vortex flowmeter, thermal flowmeter, mass flowmeter, differential pressure flowmeter, etc.

Vortex flow meter also called Vortex shedding flow meter. Vortex Flow Meter is suitable for flow measurement of steam and various liquids and gases.

The vortex flowmeter is a volume flow meter that measures the volume flow of gas, steam, or liquid, the volume flow of standard conditions, or the mass flow of gas, steam, or liquid-based on the Karman vortex principle. When the fluid flows through the dust collector rod of the vortex flowmeter, a vortex is formed. The frequency of vortex shedding is proportional to the fluid velocity. Temperature and pressure compensation can be configured.

Differential Pressure Flow Meter is also called DP flow meter. Differential pressure flow meters use the principle of differential pressure to measure the flow of liquid, gas and steam.

The differential pressure flow meter is measured by the working principle that there is a certain relationship between the pressure difference and the flow rate when the medium fluid flows through the throttling device. Differential pressure (DP) flow meters are the most widely used form of flow measurement products today. Including: integrated orifice flowmeter, average velocity tube flowmeter, venturi tube, wedge flowmeter, underwater flowmeter, orifice plate, orifice carrier assembly, nozzle flowmeter.

Extended Reading: Advantages and disadvantages of differential pressure flow meter

Precession vortex flowmeter is a new type of gas flowmeter. It can be used for the measurement of natural gas, propane, air, nitrogen and other gases.

Precession Vortex Gas Flowmeter, like vortex flowmeter, is a velocity flowmeter. The cost performance of the intelligent precession vortex flowmeter is higher than vortex flowmeter. The intelligent precession vortex flowmeter can only measure gas. Precession Vortex Gas Flowmeter can be made into an integrated temperature and pressure compensation. And can measure various gases. Such as compressed air, oxygen, biogas, natural gas, coal gas, etc.

Read more about: Types of biogas flow meters

Mass flow meter directly measures the mass flow of the medium passing through the flow meter. It can also measure the density, temperature and viscosity of the medium

Mass flow meter is a flow measuring instrument that measures the mass flow in the pipeline. The volume of a fluid is a function of fluid temperature and pressure and is a dependent variable. The quality of a fluid is a quantity that does not change with time, space temperature, and pressure.

Extended reading: Volumetric Flow Rate To Mass Flow Rate

Read more about: Applications Of Digital Gas Mass Flow Meters

Argon Flowmeter Regulator

Argon flowmeter pressure reducing valve, stable output pressure, good sealing performance and easy to use. The mother body is made of brass, and the outlet thread is M12X1RH(M).

It is suitable for gas flow monitoring in piping systems, laboratories, MIG/TIG gas shielded welding and other occasions. The input pressure of the flowmeter is set to 0.35mpa. The accuracy level is 4. The square protective cover makes the scales on all sides more clear and easy to read. The flow tube And the protective cover is made of impact-resistant composite material, which is safe and durable.

It can be used for gas pipelines in various high-purity gases, medical experiments, instrumentation and analysis, gas phase analysis, power plant equipment, petrochemical industry, gas control boxes, purging systems, heat treatment equipment, gas busbars, toxic gases, semiconductors and other industries system.

Extended Reading: Magnetic Battery Operated Flow Meter

Argon Gas Flow Meter for Sale

Frequently
Asked
Questions

The flow meter is a tool for measuring flow. The pressure reducing valve is mainly used to stabilize the pressure and keep the pressure within a certain range.

Extended reading: Liquid Bitumen/Asphalt Flow Meter

There are many types of argon flow meters. First, we need to choose a suitable flowmeter according to the actual argon pipeline parameters. Then install the flowmeter in the pipeline. Using an argon flow meter is simple. A typical argon gas flow meter has a local digital display. It also supports signal output, which can be used for remote monitoring.

Extended reading: Buy Digital Gas Flow Meters & Controllers For Air-O2-N2-CO2

The purchase of Argon regulator needs to consider the actual use parameters.

For example:
input pressure;
Export adjustment range;
nominal flow;
Installation connection size;
Outer diameter of output interface;
Configure pressure specifications: input and output, etc.

Extended reading: non contact flow meter

Most of our gas flow meters have a local digital display. Can display the instantaneous flow of gas, cumulative flow, etc.

Of course, there is also a pointer display. Then you need to read the flow value according to the dial scale.

Extended reading: Metal Tube Flow Meter-Variable Area Flow Meters Principle

Read more about: Flow Meter Selection Guide

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Sino-Instt offer over 10 Digital Flow Meter for Argon Gas, with Best Price.

A wide variety of Digital Flow Meter for Argon Gas options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples. All of our flow meters can wokrk with the AMS NEW TREX.

Sino-Inst is Digital Flow Meter for Argon Gas suppliers, located in China. CO2 flow meters products are most popular in North America, Mid East, and Eastern Europe.

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What is Static Water Pressure?

What Is Static Water Pressure?

Definition of Static Water Pressure: Static Water Pressure refers to the pressure on water when it is stationary or moving in a straight line at a constant speed. Static Water Pressure is also called hydrostatic pressure. In fluid dynamics, many authors use the term static pressure, not just pressure, to avoid ambiguity. In general, however, the word “static” can be discarded, and the pressure in use is the same as the static pressure at a given point in the fluid.

How to Calculate static water pressure?

Static Water Pressure Formula

Static Water Pressure or Hydrostatic pressure in a liquid can be calculated as:

p = ρ*g*h

Where:

p = pressure in liquid (N/m2, Pa, lbf/ft2, psf)

ρ = density of liquid (kg/m3, slugs/ft3)

g = acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s2, 32.17405 ft/s2)

h = height of fluid column – or depth in the fluid where pressure is measured (m, ft)

Extended reading: Static pressure vs dynamic pressure vs total pressure

Height of Water Column to Pressure

Height of Water Column Pressure
(m) (ft) (kPa) (bar) (atm) (psi)
1 3.28 9.81 0.098 0.097 1.42
2 6.56 19.6 0.196 0.194 2.85
3 9.84 29.4 0.294 0.290 4.27
4 13.1 39.2 0.392 0.387 5.69
5 16.4 49.1 0.491 0.484 7.11
6 19.7 58.9 0.589 0.581 8.54
7 23.0 68.7 0.687 0.678 10.0
8 26.2 78.5 0.785 0.775 11.4
9 29.5 88.3 0.883 0.871 12.8
10 32.8 98.1 0.981 0.968 14.2
12 39.4 118 1.18 1.16 17.1
14 45.9 137 1.37 1.36 19.9
16 52.5 157 1.57 1.55 22.8
18 59.0 177 1.77 1.74 25.6
20 65.6 196 1.96 1.94 28.5
25 82.0 245 2.45 2.42 35.6
30 98.4 294 2.94 2.90 42.7
35 115 343 3.43 3.39 49.8
40 131 392 3.92 3.87 56.9
50 164 491 4.91 4.84 71.1
60 197 589 5.89 5.81 85.4
70 230 687 6.87 6.78 100
80 262 785 7.85 7.75 114
90 295 883 8.83 8.71 128
100 328 981 9.81 9.68 142

Extended reading: extrusion melt pressure transducer

Extended reading: Pressure Sensor Applications-Featured Industry Applications

Static Water Pressure Calculator

The Static Water Pressure Calculator can easily and quickly calculate the pressure value. Here is a nice online tool:

Open: Hydrostatic Pressure Calculator

Static Water Pressure Gauge

In the process of industrial process control and technical measurement, because the elastic sensitive element of the mechanical water pressure gauge (Static Water Pressure Gauge) has the characteristics of high mechanical strength and convenient production, the mechanical water pressure gauge is widely used.

The elastic sensing element in the Static Water Pressure Gauge elastically deforms as the pressure changes. Static Water Pressure Gauge adopts spring tube (Bourdon tube), diaphragm, diaphragm, bellows and other sensitive components and is classified according to this. The measured pressure is generally regarded as relative pressure. Generally, the relative point is selected as atmospheric pressure.

The elastic deformation of the elastic element under the action of medium pressure is amplified by the gear transmission mechanism of the water pressure gauge. The water pressure gauge will display the relative value (high or low) relative to the atmospheric pressure.

The pressure value within the measurement range is displayed by the pointer. The indication range of the dial is generally 270 degrees.

It can be divided into precision water pressure gauge and general water pressure gauge. The measurement accuracy levels of precision water pressure gauges are 0.1, 0.16, 0.25, 0.4 and 0.05 respectively. The measurement accuracy levels of general water pressure gauges are 1.0, 1.6, 2.5 and 4.0 respectively.

Extended Reading: Up to 800°C High Temperature Pressure Sensor

Static Pressure vs Dynamic Pressure

The pressure generated by the irregular movement of air molecules on the pipe wall is called static pressure.

When calculating, the static pressure with absolute vacuum as the calculation zero is called absolute static pressure. The static pressure at which the atmospheric pressure is zero is called relative static pressure.

The air static pressure in the air conditioner refers to the relative static pressure. The static pressure is positive when it is above atmospheric pressure and negative when it is below atmospheric pressure.

Extended reading: What Is Flush Diaphragm Pressure Sensor?

Dynamic pressure, when an object is moving in a fluid, the surface is facing the direction of fluid motion. The fluid is completely blocked, and the fluid velocity here is 0. Its kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, and the pressure increases. Its pressure is called the total resistance pressure (referred to as total pressure or total pressure, represented by P). The difference between it and the undisturbed pressure (i.e. static pressure, represented by P static) is called dynamic pressure (represented by P dynamic)

Extended reading: how to calibrate a pressure transmitter

The biggest difference between dynamic pressure and static pressure is the different definitions. Static pressure refers to the pressure on the surface of an object when it is at rest or in uniform linear motion. And dynamic pressure is the difference between total pressure and static pressure. They are all within the domain of fluid dynamics.

Both static pressure and dynamic pressure are knowledge in the field of physics. The biggest difference between them is the different definitions. Static pressure refers to the pressure on the surface of an object at rest or in uniform linear motion.

When an object moves in a fluid, the fluid facing the surface of the object is completely blocked. The velocity of the fluid is 0. Then the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into pressure energy, which increases the pressure on the object. This pressure is called total pressure.

The dynamic pressure is the difference between the above-mentioned total pressure and static pressure.

Both dynamic pressure and static pressure are in the field of fluid dynamics. It is a branch of fluid mechanics. It studies the motion law of fluid under the action of force and its interaction with the boundary.

Read More: Differences! Static pressure vs dynamic pressure vs total pressure

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Water Pressure Is Measured by Which Instrument

In industry, there are multiple instrument options for measuring the static pressure of water.

For example. If you need to measure the water pressure on the pipeline, you can choose a water pressure gauge or a pressure transmitter.

If you need to measure the water pressure in the tank, you can use a diaphragm pressure or differential pressure transmitter.

If Need to measure the pressure of downhole water, you can use a submersible level sensor. The latter two are also commonly used for water level measurement.

Read More: Hydrostatic Level Measurement

Read more about: How to Calculate Pressure Drop in a Pipe?

Frequently
Asked
Questions

“Residual pressure” refers to the residual pressure in the pipeline, gas storage tank, and equipment after the system is shut down, such as boiler steam, air compressor station, etc.

Extended reading: wireless pressure transmitter working principle

Extended Reading: Liquid pressure sensor

Dynamic water pressure (dynamic water pressure) is the normal force acting on the interface between two parts of the moving liquid or on the contact surface between the liquid and the solid. Also known as the osmotic force.

Extended Reading: 3 inch (3″) Water Meter

In the process of water flowing in the soil, it will be affected by the soil resistance, causing the water head to gradually lose. At the same time, the infiltration of water will produce a drag force on the soil skeleton, resulting in changes in the stress and deformation in the soil body. The drag force generated by the soil skeleton is called the seepage force.

In many hydraulic structures, earth dams and foundation pit projects, the size of the seepage force is one of the important factors affecting the safety of the project. cause the construction of the project to be interrupted, and even endanger the safety of adjacent buildings and facilities

Extended reading: Featured Diaphragm Seal Pressure Transmitters

The static pressure box is a necessary accessory for the air supply system to reduce the dynamic pressure, increase the static pressure, stabilize the airflow and reduce the airflow vibration. Its function is to change the dynamic pressure into static pressure, evenly distribute the air volume, and mostly used in front of the slit tuyere.

The pressure generated by the irregular motion of air molecules hitting the pipe wall is called “static pressure”. Static pressure is the pressure perpendicular to the direction of fluid movement, and its function is to overcome the resistance in the process of fluid transportation. Then the purpose of establishing a static pressure box is to obtain static pressure.

Total pressure = dynamic pressure + static pressure: the total pressure of the fan is unchanged, and the wind speed decreases, which means that the dynamic pressure becomes smaller, and the static pressure increases.

Extended reading: Measuring Flow With Pressure Sensors

When supplying air with multiple air ducts, in order to make the air pressure of each air duct the same, it is necessary to establish a static pressure box, so that the dynamic pressure is all converted into static pressure, and then evenly distributed to each air duct.

In the same way, when the multi-air duct returns air, a static pressure box is also required. The air in front of the surface cooler can be fully mixed. Some single air duct air supply pipes are also equipped with static pressure boxes. The purpose is to use the static pressure box to reduce noise. The principle is that the speed of air entering the static pressure box is significantly slower, and the wind noise will be reduced.

The design principle of the static pressure box: the function of the static pressure box is to provide uniform pressure for each branch pipeline. Theoretically, the static pressure inside the static pressure box is equal everywhere. That is to say, the flow rate inside the static pressure box is zero everywhere. The condition for this is that the volume of the plenum is infinite.

This is impossible in engineering projects. Generally, the wind speed in the box can be controlled below 2m/s, or it can be greatly reduced relative to the wind speed of the inlet and outlet ducts.

Extended reading: Magnetic water meter-ultrasonic water meter-mechanical water meter

Hydrostatic pressure is: the normal force acting on the interface between two parts of a stationary liquid or on the contact surface of a liquid and a solid is the pressure exerted by a homogeneous fluid on an object. This is an omnidirectional force and is applied uniformly to all parts of the surface of the object. An increase in hydrostatic pressure reduces the volume of the object under force, but does not change its shape.

Extended reading: Industrial Pressure Transmitters|Buy from the manufacturer

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Sino-Inst offers over 20 Static Pressure/Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitter. A wide variety of Static Pressure/Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitter options are available to you. Such as free samples, paid samples.  Read more about: What Are 0-10V Pressure Transducers?

Sino-Inst is a globally recognized manufacturer of Static Pressure/Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitters, located in China. Sino-Inst sells through a mature distribution network that reaches all 30 countries worldwide. Static Pressure/Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitters products are most popular in Europe, Southeast Asia, and Mid East. You can ensure product safety by selecting from certified suppliers. With ISO9001, ISO14001 certification.

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BTU Meter for Chilled Water

What is BTU Meter for Chilled Water?

The BTU Meter for Chilled Water accurately measures the thermal energy consumed by chilled water in British Thermal Units (BTU). This is a basic measure of thermal energy in commercial and residential buildings. BTU meters are used in chilled water systems in commercial, industrial and office buildings.

BTU Meter for Chilled Water is to install a pair of temperature sensors on the ascending pipe and descending pipe passing through the heat transfer fluid respectively. The flow meter is installed on the fluid inlet or return line. The integrator collects signals from flow and temperature sensors. Use the cumulative formula to calculate the amount of cold and heat obtained by the heat exchange system.

BTU Meter in Chilled Water System

BTU Meter for Chilled Water consists of a flow measurement sensor, two temperature sensors and a microprocessor based energy calculator.

The flow sensor should be installed in the chilled water return line, and the chilled water flow direction should be installed in a vertical or horizontal position.

Two temperature sensors. A sensor is installed on the return line. The second sensor is installed on the water supply line.

The thermal energy transferred from the cooling water to the consumer over a defined period of time is proportional to the temperature difference between the flow and return flow and the amount of cooling water flowing through.

Sino-Inst offers two types of BTU Meter for Chilled Water. One uses ultrasonic measurement technology (ultrasonic BTU meter). Another uses the electromagnetic principle (electromagnetic cold and heat meter).

Extended Reading: 3 inch (3″) Water Flow Meter

Ultrasonic BTU meter is an intelligent heat metering device. Realize accurate measurement of cold and heat. It is used in heating facilities with heat metering and charging such as central heating, central air conditioning and combined cooling and heating.

Working principle

The Ultrasonic BTU meter measures the liquid flow in a circular tube based on the velocity difference method.

This series of instruments adopts advanced micro-power digital design technology such as digital transmission, digital reception, digital analysis, and digital output. The meter is accurate in measurement, reliable in operation, and more suitable for the needs of industrial sites.

Converter forms are: wall-mounted, panel-mounted, integrated;

The sensor forms are: plug-in type, pipe segment type, and outer clamp type.

Extended Reading: Wireless Water Meter

Ultrasonic heat and cold meter product features:

  1. Transducer: As the main signal generating component in the ultrasonic heat meter. Imported piezoelectric ceramic sheets are used. Stable performance and good consistency. Ensure that the ultrasonic heat meter achieves high-precision measurement.
  2. Temperature sensor: PT1000 high-precision platinum resistance is used. And configure the precision measurement circuit. Guaranteed high-precision temperature measurement.
  3. Self-diagnosis function: the ultrasonic heat meter is in stable operation. In case of abnormal communication, insufficient power or human sabotage. The system will display the corresponding code. The system automatically saves the data. Wait for the troubleshooting to recover.
  4. Remote transmission and centralized control function: with M-BUS, 485 interface. It can realize remote data transmission and centralized control.
  5. Beautiful appearance, can be hung in any direction in four directions. Easy to read and easy to operate.
  6. Easy to install. It has the functions of dust-proof, moisture-proof, waterproof, anti-disassembly and vandalism.

To choose the right ultrasonic flowmeter.

Compared with other types of heat meters, the electromagnetic heat meter is more stable and reliable in measurement. The LCD screen simultaneously displays parameters such as cumulative heat, cumulative flow, instantaneous heat, instantaneous flow, inlet water temperature, outlet water temperature, and temperature difference.

The measurement flow range is wide, and the flow velocity can be arbitrarily set within the range of 0.3m/s ~ 10m/s. With pluggable EPROM, it can store flowmeter configuration parameters and flow and heat detection data. Data is not lost when power is lost.

Electromagnetic sensor polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE (130℃), polyperfluoroethylene propylene F46 (180℃), high temperature resistant silicone fluorine rubber (250℃) for users to choose.

The parameter units displayed on the LCD screen are:
The optional display units of instantaneous flow are: m3/h, m3/m, m3/s, L/h, L/m, L/s, G/h, G/m, G/s.
The optional display unit of cumulative flow is m3, L, G, etc.
Note: G is imperial unit: gallon.
The unit of temperature is °C, and the unit of heat is KJ;
The electromagnetic heat meter is equipped with RS485 (MODBUSE protocol) as standard, and HART protocol can also be selected.

Measurement principle:

The split type electromagnetic heat meter is based on the flow signal of the flow sensor in the system and the temperature signal of the supply and return water detected by the paired temperature sensor. And the time the water has flown calculates and displays the heat released or absorbed by the system. The heat is displayed in cumulative form, the unit is kWh, and the large display is 8 digits.

The calculation mathematical model is: Q=qmΔhdt

where:
Q—heat released: kJ;
qm—the mass of the heat-carrying liquid flowing through the heat meter: kg/s;
Δh—the difference between the specific enthalpy of the heat transfer liquid corresponding to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature in the heat exchange circuit: kJ/kg;
t—time: s.

To choose the right electromagnetic flowmeter.

BTU Meter Installation in Chilled Water System

With the increase of large buildings and modern buildings, the cooling system has developed rapidly. The demand for cooling capacity of industry and its chemical industry has also promoted the development of central cooling. Central cooling means that the power plant uses the cooling medium (usually fresh water and salt water) to supply the cooling capacity of the refrigerator to the user. In order to manage and account for the operation of refrigeration equipment. Settling the cooling energy consumed by the user. It is necessary to measure the cooling capacity of the relevant nodes.

The method of measuring the cooling capacity of chilled water is the same as that of hot water. The amount of cooling supplied can be seen as negative heat. Just due to the low temperature of the fluid. lead to some differences in specific practices.

Extended reading: Magnetic water meter-ultrasonic water meter-mechanical water meter

For chilled water used in air conditioners, the water temperature level is generally 5-6 °C. The cold medium is fresh water. For cooling below 5°C, use brine or other cooling media. The cold measurement method of fresh water chilled water mostly adopts the measurement method based on mass flow as shown in the figure below.

In the flow measurement of chilled water, the electromagnetic flowmeter has obvious advantages, and its characteristics are as follows:

  • Magnetic flowmeter measurements are not affected by changes in fluid density, viscosity, temperature, pressure and conductivity.
  • The electromagnetic flowmeter measuring tube has no obstructing flow parts, no pressure loss, and low requirements for straight pipe sections.
  • The electromagnetic flowmeter sensor can be equipped with a ground electrode to achieve good grounding of the instrument.
  • The electromagnetic flowmeter sensor adopts advanced processing technology, so that the instrument has a good ability to resist negative pressure.

In addition to the electromagnetic flowmeter measurement, the ultrasonic flowmeter can also be used for measurement. Customers can choose according to on-site conditions.

Extended reading: Dam water level measurement

BTU Meter Calculation

The BTU (British Thermal Unit) is universally accepted as a unit of heat transfer measurement. The BTU is defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water 1°F. The equation for heat transfer to a liquid is as follows:

Q=W(T2-T1)Cp

Q=Heat transfer per unit time (BTU/hr)
W=Mass flow rate (lb/hr)
T2=Outlet temperature (°F)
T1= Inlet temperature (°F)
Cp=Specific heat capacity (1.0 BTU/lb for water)

Tools: BTU Calculator & BTU Formulas For Water Circulating Heat Transfer

BTU Meter vs Flow Meter

What is a BTU Meter?

BTU meters are flow meters with temperature sensors added to measure the energy consumption of any liquid heating or cooling system. BTU meters are also known as energy meters, heat meters. Commonly used are electromagnetic energy meters and ultrasonic energy meters. It is widely used in online metering of central air-conditioning cooling and heating energy metering and heating network. It can also be used to measure the performance of energy conservation measures or the loss of system efficiency that affects revenue. Read more about: What is BTU?

What is a Flow Meter?

A flow meter (or flow sensor) is an instrument used to measure linear, nonlinear,mass or volumetric flow rate of a liquid or a gas.When choosing flow meters,one should consider such intangible factors as familiarity of plant personnel,their experience with calibration and maintenance, spare parts availability,and mean time between failure history, etc., at the particular plant site.

Extended reading: Ultrasonic water meter working principle

Frequently
Asked
Questions

Flow meters measure flow, and heat meters measure heat. The heat meter consists of an integrator (calculator), a flow meter, and a pair of temperature sensors. The first detection is the supply/return water temperature and flow rate, and then the integrator is used to calculate the heat. The basic principle is Q=Cm△t.

Extended Reading: Guide and Selection for Diesel Fuel Flow Meters

BTU Meter adds accessories such as thermometer and totalizer to the flowmeter. So the cost of BTU Meter will be higher than that of flow meter.
The price of the specific BTU Meter needs to be determined by the customer’s detailed measurement parameters.

Extended reading: Ultrasonic flow detectors types

BTU, short for British Thermal Unit, is a unit of measurement that shows how much energy your air conditioner uses to remove heat from your home in an hour. This may seem overly technical, but BTU is an important metric that can help you determine the type of air conditioner you need for a home of your size.

Extended reading:  Tri Clamp Sanitary Thermometers

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Sino-Inst offers over 10 BTU Meter for Chilled Water. About 50% of these are magnetic flow meters, 40% is the ultrasonic flow sensor, and 20% are other flow meter.

A wide variety of BTU Meter for Chilled Water options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Instrument is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of flow measurement instrumentation, located in China.

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