How do you read a K type thermocouple table?

In the thermocouple chart, the first row and the first column are all temperature values.
The rows are incremented by 10 degrees per grid.
The columns are incremented by 100 degrees per grid.
The intersection of the row and the column is the thermoelectric potential value at the current temperature.

Take the S-type couple to read the thermoelectric potential value at 280 degrees Celsius for example: first find 200 degrees from the first column, and draw a straight line to the right.
Then find 80 degrees from the first line and draw a straight line down. Where the two lines meet, the thermoelectric potential value at 280 degrees is 2.141 millivolts.

Type K thermocouple chart

K Reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	397	798	1203	1611	2022	2436	2850	3266	3681
100	4095	4508	4919	5327	5733	6137	6539	6939	7338	7737
200	8137	8537	8938	9341	9745	10151	10560	10969	11381	11793
300	12207	12623	13039	13456	13874	14292	14712	15132	15552	15974
400	16395	16818	17241	17664	18088	18513	18938	19363	19788	20214
500	20640	21066	21493	21919	22346	22772	23198	23624	24050	24476
600	24902	25327	25751	26176	26599	27022	27445	27867	28288	28709
700	29128	29547	29965	30383	30799	31214	31629	32042	32455	32866
800	33277	33686	34095	34502	34909	35314	35718	36121	36524	36925
900	37325	37724	38122	38519	38915	39310	39703	40096	40488	40879
1000	41269	41657	42045	42432	42817	43202	43585	43968	44349	44729
1100	45108	45486	45863	46238	46612	46985	47356	47726	48095	48462
1200	48828	49192	49555	49916	50276	50633	50990	51344	51697	52049
1300	52398	52747	53093	53439	53782	54125	54466	54807

Type N thermocouple chart

N reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	261	525	793	1065	1340	1619	1902	2189	2480
100	2774	3072	3374	3680	3989	4302	4618	4937	5259	5585
200	5913	6245	6579	6916	7255	7597	7941	8288	8637	8988
300	9341	9696	10054	10413	10774	11136	11501	11867	12234	12603
400	12974	13346	13719	14094	14469	14846	15225	15604	15984	16336
500	16748	17131	17515	17900	18286	18672	19059	19447	19835	20224
600	20613	21003	21393	21784	22175	22566	22958	23350	23742	24134
700	24527	24919	25312	25705	26098	26491	26883	27276	27669	28062
800	28455	28847	29239	29632	30024	30416	30807	31199	31590	31981
900	32371	32761	33151	33541	33930	34319	34707	35095	35482	35869
1000	36256	36641	37027	37411	37795	38179	38562	38944	39326	39706
1100	40087	40466	40845	41223	41600	41976	42352	42727	43101	43474
1200	43846	44218	44588	44958	45326	45694	46060	46425	46789	47152
1300	47513

Type E thermocouple chart

E Reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	591	1192	1801	2419	3047	3683	4329	4983	5646
100	6317	6996	7683	8377	9078	9787	10501	11222	11949	12681
200	13419	14161	14909	15661	16417	17178	17942	18710	19481	20256
300	21033	21814	22597	23383	24171	24961	25754	26549	27345	28143
400	28943	29744	30546	31350	32155	32960	33767	34574	35382	36190
500	36999	37808	39426	40236	41045	41853	42662	43470	44278	45085
600	45085	45891	46697	47502	48306	49109	49911	50713	51513	52312
700	53110	53907	54703	55498	56291	57083	57873	58663	59451	60237
800	61022	61806	62588	63368	64147	64924	65700	66473	67245	68015
900	68783	69549	70313	71075	71835	72593	73350	74104	74857	75608
1000	76358

Type J thermocouple chart

J Reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	507	1019	1536	2058	2585	3115	3649	4186	4725
100	5268	5812	6359	6907	7457	8008	8560	9113	9667	10222
200	10777	11332	11887	12442	12998	13553	14108	14663	15217	15771
300	16325	16879	17432	17984	18537	19089	19640	20192	20743	21295
400	21846	22397	22949	23501	24054	24607	25161	25716	26272	26829
500	27388	27949	28511	29075	29642	30210	30782	31356	31933	32513
600	33096	33683	34273	34867	35464	36066	36671	37280	37893	38510
700	39130	39754	40382	41013	41647	42283	42922	43563	44207	44852
800	45498	46144	46790	47434	48076	48716	49354	49989	50621	51249
900	51875	52496	53115	53729	54321	54948	55553	56155	56753	57349
1000	57942	58533	59121	59708	60293	60876	61459	62039	62619	63199
1100	63777	64355	64933	65510	66087	66664	67240	67815	68390	68964
1200	69536

Type T thermocouple chart

T reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	391	789	1196	1611	2035	2467	2908	3357	3813
100	4277	4749	5227	5712	6204	6702	7207	7718	8235	8757
200	9286	9820	10360	10905	11456	12011	12572	13137	13707	14281
300	14860	15443	16030	16621	17217	17816

Type S thermocouple chart

S Reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	55	113	173	235	299	365	432	502	573
100	645	719	795	872	950	1029	1109	1190	1273	1356
200	1440	1525	1611	1698	1785	1873	1962	2051	2141	2232
300	2323	2414	2506	2599	2692	2786	2880	2974	3069	3164
400	3260	3356	3452	3549	3645	3743	3840	3938	4036	4135
500	4234	4333	4432	4532	4632	4732	4832	4933	5034	5136
600	5237	5339	5442	5544	5648	5751	5855	5960	6064	6169
700	6274	6380	6486	6592	6699	6805	6913	7020	7128	7236
800	7345	7454	7563	7672	7782	7892	8003	8114	8225	8336
900	8448	8560	8673	8786	8899	9012	9126	9240	9355	9470
1000	9585	9700	9816	9932	10048	10165	10282	10400	10517	10635
1100	10754	10872	10991	11110	11229	11348	11467	11587	11707	11827
1200	11947	12067	12188	12308	12429	12550	12671	12792	12913	13034
1300	13155	13276	13397	13519	13640	13761	13883	14004	14125	14247
1400	14368	14489	14610	14731	14852	14973	15094	15215	15336	15456
1500	15576	15697	15817	15937	16057	16176	16296	16415	16534	16653
1600	16771	16890	17008	17125	17245	17360	17477	17594	17711	17826

Type R thermocouple chart

R Reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	54	111	171	232	296	363	431	501	573
100	647	723	800	879	959	1041	1124	1208	1294	1381
200	1469	1558	1648	1739	1831	1923	2017	2112	2207	2304
300	2401	2498	2597	2696	2796	2896	2997	3099	3201	3304
400	3408	3512	3616	3721	3827	3933	4040	4147	4255	4363
500	4471	4580	4690	4800	4910	5021	5133	5245	5357	5470
600	5583	5697	5812	5926	6041	6157	6273	6397	6507	6625
700	6743	6861	6980	7100	7220	7340	7461	7583	7705	7827
800	7950	8073	8197	8321	8446	8571	8697	8823	8950	9077
900	9205	9333	9461	9590	9720	9850	9980	10111	10242	10374
1000	10506	10638	10771	10905	11039	11173	11307	11442	11578	11714
1100	11850	11986	12123	12260	12397	12535	12673	12812	12950	13089
1200	13228	13367	13507	13646	13786	13926	14066	14207	14347	14488
1300	14629	14770	14911	15052	15193	15334	15475	15616	15758	15899
1400	16040	16181	16323	16464	16605	16746	16887	17028	17169	17310
1500	17451	17591	17732	17872	18012	18152	18292	18431	18571	18710
1600	18849	18988	19126	19264	19402	19540	19677	19814	19951	20087
1700	20222	20356	20488	20620	20749	20877	21003

Type B thermocouple chart

B reference terminal temperature: 0℃, 10 degrees μν value

℃	0	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90
0	0	-2	-3	-2	0	2	6	11	17	25
100	33	43	53	65	78	92	107	123	140	159
200	178	199	220	243	266	291	317	344	372	401
300	431	462	494	529	561	596	632	669	707	746
400	786	827	870	913	957	1002	1048	1095	1143	1192
500	1241	1292	1344	1397	1450	1505	1560	1617	1674	1732
600	1791	1851	1912	1974	2036	2100	2164	2230	2296	2363
700	2430	2499	2569	2639	2710	2782	2855	2928	3003	3078
800	3154	3231	3308	3387	3466	3546	3626	3708	3790	3873
900	3957	4041	4126	4212	4298	4386	4474	4562	4652	4742
1000	4833	4924	5016	5109	5202	5297	5391	5487	5583	5680
1100	5777	5875	5973	6073	6172	6273	6374	6475	6577	6680
1200	6783	6887	6991	7096	7202	7308	7414	7521	7628	7736
1300	7845	7953	8063	8172	8283	8393	8504	8616	8727	8839
1400	8952	9065	9178	9291	9405	9519	9634	9748	9863	9979
1500	10094	10210	10325	10441	10558	10674	10790	10907	11024	11141
1600	11257	11374	11491	11608	10725	11842	11959	12076	12193	12310
1700	12436	12543	12659	12776	12892	13008	13124	13239	13354	13470
1800	13585	13699	13814

Download: K thermocouple chart

The working principle of thermocouple (thermocouple principle)

What is a thermocouple?
This is to start with the principle of thermocouple temperature measurement. The thermocouple is a kind of temperature sensing element and a primary instrument. It directly measures temperature and converts the temperature signal into a term electromotive force signal. It is converted into a term electromotive force signal by an electrical instrument (secondary instrument). The temperature of the measured medium.

The basic principle of thermocouple temperature measurement is that two different components of material conductors form a closed loop. When there is a temperature gradient at both ends, there will be a current passing through the loop, and then there is Seebeck electromotive force-term electromotive force between the two ends. This is the so-called Seebeck effect.

Two homogeneous conductors with different compositions are term electrodes, the end with a higher temperature is the working end, and the end with a lower temperature is the free end, which is usually at a certain constant temperature. According to the functional relationship between term electromotive force and temperature, a thermocouple index table is made. The index table is obtained when the free end temperature is at 0℃. Different thermocouples have different index tables.

When the third metal material is connected in the thermocouple circuit, as long as the temperature of the two junctions of the material is the same, the thermoelectric potential generated by the thermocouple will remain unchanged, that is, it will not be affected by the third metal in the circuit. Therefore, when the thermocouple measures the temperature, it can be connected to the measuring instrument, and after the term electromotive force is measured, the temperature of the measured medium can be known.

The working principle of thermocouple:

Two conductors with different components (called thermocouple wires or thermoelectrodes) are connected at both ends to form a loop. When the temperature of the junction is different, an electromotive force will be generated in the loop. This phenomenon is called the thermoelectric effect. And The electromotive force is called thermoelectric force.

Thermocouples use this principle for temperature measurement. One end that is directly used to measure the temperature of the medium is called the working end (also called the measuring end), and the other end is called the cold end (also called the compensation end). The cold end and the display instrument or When the matching instrument is connected, the display instrument will point out the thermoelectric potential generated by the thermocouple.

A thermocouple is actually a kind of energy converter, which converts heat energy into electrical energy. Use the generated thermoelectric potential to measure temperature. Regarding the thermoelectric potential of a thermocouple, you should pay attention to the following issues:

1. The thermoelectric potential of a thermocouple is a function of the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermocouple. It is not a function of the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermocouple;
2. The size of the thermoelectric potential generated by the thermocouple. When the material of the thermocouple is uniform, it has nothing to do with the length and diameter of the thermocouple, but is only related to the composition of the thermocouple material and the temperature difference between the two ends;
3. When the two thermocouple wires of the thermocouple have determined the material composition. The thermoelectric potential of the thermocouple is only related to the temperature difference of the thermocouple. If the temperature of the cold junction of the thermocouple remains constant, the thermoelectric potential of the thermocouple is only Single-valued function of working end temperature.

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