What is Static Water Pressure?

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What Is Static Water Pressure?

Definition of Static Water Pressure: Static Water Pressure refers to the pressure on water when it is stationary or moving in a straight line at a constant speed. Static Water Pressure is also called hydrostatic pressure. In fluid dynamics, many authors use the term static pressure, not just pressure, to avoid ambiguity. In general, however, the word “static” can be discarded, and the pressure in use is the same as the static pressure at a given point in the fluid.

RFQ
Static Water Pressure

How to Calculate static water pressure?

Static Water Pressure Formula

Static Water Pressure or Hydrostatic pressure in a liquid can be calculated as:

p = ρ*g*h

Where:

p = pressure in liquid (N/m2, Pa, lbf/ft2, psf)

ρ = density of liquid (kg/m3, slugs/ft3)

g = acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s2, 32.17405 ft/s2)

h = height of fluid column – or depth in the fluid where pressure is measured (m, ft)

Extended reading: Static pressure vs dynamic pressure vs total pressure

Height of Water Column to Pressure

Height of Water Column Pressure
(m) (ft) (kPa) (bar) (atm) (psi)
1 3.28 9.81 0.098 0.097 1.42
2 6.56 19.6 0.196 0.194 2.85
3 9.84 29.4 0.294 0.290 4.27
4 13.1 39.2 0.392 0.387 5.69
5 16.4 49.1 0.491 0.484 7.11
6 19.7 58.9 0.589 0.581 8.54
7 23.0 68.7 0.687 0.678 10.0
8 26.2 78.5 0.785 0.775 11.4
9 29.5 88.3 0.883 0.871 12.8
10 32.8 98.1 0.981 0.968 14.2
12 39.4 118 1.18 1.16 17.1
14 45.9 137 1.37 1.36 19.9
16 52.5 157 1.57 1.55 22.8
18 59.0 177 1.77 1.74 25.6
20 65.6 196 1.96 1.94 28.5
25 82.0 245 2.45 2.42 35.6
30 98.4 294 2.94 2.90 42.7
35 115 343 3.43 3.39 49.8
40 131 392 3.92 3.87 56.9
50 164 491 4.91 4.84 71.1
60 197 589 5.89 5.81 85.4
70 230 687 6.87 6.78 100
80 262 785 7.85 7.75 114
90 295 883 8.83 8.71 128
100 328 981 9.81 9.68 142

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Extended reading: Pressure Sensor Applications-Featured Industry Applications

Static Water Pressure Calculator

The Static Water Pressure Calculator can easily and quickly calculate the pressure value. Here is a nice online tool:

Open: Hydrostatic Pressure Calculator

Static Water Pressure Gauge

In the process of industrial process control and technical measurement, because the elastic sensitive element of the mechanical water pressure gauge (Static Water Pressure Gauge) has the characteristics of high mechanical strength and convenient production, the mechanical water pressure gauge is widely used.

More about: Diaphragm pressure gauge working principle.

The elastic sensing element in the Static Water Pressure Gauge elastically deforms as the pressure changes. Static Water Pressure Gauge adopts spring tube (Bourdon tube), diaphragm, diaphragm, bellows and other sensitive components and is classified according to this. The measured pressure is generally regarded as relative pressure. Generally, the relative point is selected as atmospheric pressure.

The elastic deformation of the elastic element under the action of medium pressure is amplified by the gear transmission mechanism of the water pressure gauge. The water pressure gauge will display the relative value (high or low) relative to the atmospheric pressure.

The pressure value within the measurement range is displayed by the pointer. The indication range of the dial is generally 270 degrees.

It can be divided into precision water pressure gauge and general water pressure gauge. The measurement accuracy levels of precision water pressure gauges are 0.1, 0.16, 0.25, 0.4 and 0.05 respectively. The measurement accuracy levels of general water pressure gauges are 1.0, 1.6, 2.5 and 4.0 respectively.

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Static Pressure vs Dynamic Pressure

The pressure generated by the irregular movement of air molecules on the pipe wall is called static pressure.

When calculating, the static pressure with absolute vacuum as the calculation zero is called absolute static pressure. The static pressure at which the atmospheric pressure is zero is called relative static pressure.

The air static pressure in the air conditioner refers to the relative static pressure. The static pressure is positive when it is above atmospheric pressure and negative when it is below atmospheric pressure.

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Dynamic pressure, when an object is moving in a fluid, the surface is facing the direction of fluid motion. The fluid is completely blocked, and the fluid velocity here is 0. Its kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, and the pressure increases. Its pressure is called the total resistance pressure (referred to as total pressure or total pressure, represented by P). The difference between it and the undisturbed pressure (i.e. static pressure, represented by P static) is called dynamic pressure (represented by P dynamic)

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The biggest difference between dynamic pressure and static pressure is the different definitions. Static pressure refers to the pressure on the surface of an object when it is at rest or in uniform linear motion. And dynamic pressure is the difference between total pressure and static pressure. They are all within the domain of fluid dynamics.

Both static pressure and dynamic pressure are knowledge in the field of physics. The biggest difference between them is the different definitions. Static pressure refers to the pressure on the surface of an object at rest or in uniform linear motion.

When an object moves in a fluid, the fluid facing the surface of the object is completely blocked. The velocity of the fluid is 0. Then the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into pressure energy, which increases the pressure on the object. This pressure is called total pressure.

The dynamic pressure is the difference between the above-mentioned total pressure and static pressure.

Both dynamic pressure and static pressure are in the field of fluid dynamics. It is a branch of fluid mechanics. It studies the motion law of fluid under the action of force and its interaction with the boundary.

Read More: Differences! Static pressure vs dynamic pressure vs total pressure

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Water Pressure Is Measured by Which Instrument

In industry, there are multiple instrument options for measuring the static pressure of water.

For example. If you need to measure the water pressure on the pipeline, you can choose a water pressure gauge or a pressure transmitter.

If you need to measure the water pressure in the tank, you can use a diaphragm pressure or differential pressure transmitter.

If Need to measure the pressure of downhole water, you can use a submersible level sensor. The latter two are also commonly used for water level measurement.

Read More: Hydrostatic Level Measurement

SI-151 Hydrostatic Level Sensor
SI-10 Liquid pressure sensor
SI-PCM261 Submersible Pressure Transducer
SMT3151TR Submersible Level Transmitter
SI-PCM260 Deep Well Water Level Sensor
SI-302 Anti-corrosive Submersible Level Transmitter
Hydrostatic pressure transmitter
SI-703 Flush diaphragm pressure sensor
Differential pressure(DP) level transmitter
Remote Seal Differential Pressure Transmitter
Extended Diaphragm Seal DP Level Transmitter
Flange Mounted Differential Pressure Transmitter

Read more about: How to Calculate Pressure Drop in a Pipe?

Frequently
Asked
Questions

Help Center

“Residual pressure” refers to the residual pressure in the pipeline, gas storage tank, and equipment after the system is shut down, such as boiler steam, air compressor station, etc.

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Dynamic water pressure (dynamic water pressure) is the normal force acting on the interface between two parts of the moving liquid or on the contact surface between the liquid and the solid. Also known as the osmotic force.

Extended Reading: 3 inch (3″) Water Meter

In the process of water flowing in the soil, it will be affected by the soil resistance, causing the water head to gradually lose. At the same time, the infiltration of water will produce a drag force on the soil skeleton, resulting in changes in the stress and deformation in the soil body. The drag force generated by the soil skeleton is called the seepage force.

In many hydraulic structures, earth dams and foundation pit projects, the size of the seepage force is one of the important factors affecting the safety of the project. cause the construction of the project to be interrupted, and even endanger the safety of adjacent buildings and facilities

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The static pressure box is a necessary accessory for the air supply system to reduce the dynamic pressure, increase the static pressure, stabilize the airflow and reduce the airflow vibration. Its function is to change the dynamic pressure into static pressure, evenly distribute the air volume, and mostly used in front of the slit tuyere.

The pressure generated by the irregular motion of air molecules hitting the pipe wall is called “static pressure”. Static pressure is the pressure perpendicular to the direction of fluid movement, and its function is to overcome the resistance in the process of fluid transportation. Then the purpose of establishing a static pressure box is to obtain static pressure.

Total pressure = dynamic pressure + static pressure: the total pressure of the fan is unchanged, and the wind speed decreases, which means that the dynamic pressure becomes smaller, and the static pressure increases.

Extended reading: Measuring Flow With Pressure Sensors

When supplying air with multiple air ducts, in order to make the air pressure of each air duct the same, it is necessary to establish a static pressure box, so that the dynamic pressure is all converted into static pressure, and then evenly distributed to each air duct.

In the same way, when the multi-air duct returns air, a static pressure box is also required. The air in front of the surface cooler can be fully mixed. Some single air duct air supply pipes are also equipped with static pressure boxes. The purpose is to use the static pressure box to reduce noise. The principle is that the speed of air entering the static pressure box is significantly slower, and the wind noise will be reduced.

The design principle of the static pressure box: the function of the static pressure box is to provide uniform pressure for each branch pipeline. Theoretically, the static pressure inside the static pressure box is equal everywhere. That is to say, the flow rate inside the static pressure box is zero everywhere. The condition for this is that the volume of the plenum is infinite.

This is impossible in engineering projects. Generally, the wind speed in the box can be controlled below 2m/s, or it can be greatly reduced relative to the wind speed of the inlet and outlet ducts.

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Hydrostatic pressure is: the normal force acting on the interface between two parts of a stationary liquid or on the contact surface of a liquid and a solid is the pressure exerted by a homogeneous fluid on an object. This is an omnidirectional force and is applied uniformly to all parts of the surface of the object. An increase in hydrostatic pressure reduces the volume of the object under force, but does not change its shape.

Extended reading: Industrial Pressure Transmitters|Buy from the manufacturer

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About KimGuo11

Wu Peng, born in 1980, is a highly respected and accomplished male engineer with extensive experience in the field of automation. With over 20 years of industry experience, Wu has made significant contributions to both academia and engineering projects. Throughout his career, Wu Peng has participated in numerous national and international engineering projects. Some of his most notable projects include the development of an intelligent control system for oil refineries, the design of a cutting-edge distributed control system for petrochemical plants, and the optimization of control algorithms for natural gas pipelines.